If you kick a rolling ball perpendicularly, what happens?

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SUMMARY

When a football rolling at a constant speed is kicked perpendicularly, it will travel in the direction of the kick while also veering slightly back towards its initial direction due to inertia. This results in a diagonal trajectory formed by the resultant vector of the initial velocity and the force applied by the kick. In contrast, if the ball is rolling to a stop, it will move solely in the direction of the kick without any significant veering. The analysis of this motion involves understanding vector addition and the effects of inertia and friction.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's laws of motion
  • Basic knowledge of vector addition
  • Familiarity with concepts of inertia and friction
  • Knowledge of kinematics in physics
NEXT STEPS
  • Study vector addition in physics, focusing on resultant vectors
  • Explore Newton's laws of motion, particularly the first and second laws
  • Research the effects of friction on moving objects
  • Examine kinematic equations related to motion in two dimensions
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This discussion is beneficial for physics students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding the principles of motion, inertia, and vector analysis in real-world scenarios.

Nerkiot
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Hey guys, I've been thinking about inertia/forces for a test I have soon and I've been stumped by a question that the teacher gave us a while ago.

Suppose a football is rolling along the ground and you give it a swift kick in a direction perpendicular to its initial motion. In what direction will it travel if:
a) The ball was initially traveling at a constant speed. (ignore air resistance/friction)
b) The ball was rolling to a stop. (there is air resistance/friction)

Now I think for a) the football will move in the direction of the kick and also veer slightly towards the initial direction due to inertia.
For b) the football will move only in the direction of the kick.

I don't know if I'm right and I can't find a clear explanation on the internet, probably because I'm looking in the wrong places. I know this has something to do with vectors, but I don't see how vectors could explain this, because on one hand you have a velocity vector (the moving ball) and on the other you have a force (the kick).
Can someone please explain what actually happens.
 
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The force acts only while your foot is in contact with the ball, which is a very short amount of time. Afterwards the ball has a velocity vector pointing in both the direction you kicked the ball and the direction the ball was initially moving. Adding these two vectors together will give you a resultant vector which is diagonal to the original movement of the ball.

This would happen in both cases, except the frictional case would make the ball have a slight curve.
 

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