Induced current by moving bar magnet external to solenoid.

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SUMMARY

A moving bar magnet can induce a current in a solenoid even when positioned externally, as demonstrated by the principle of electromagnetic induction. The external magnetic field from the bar magnet, which decreases in strength with distance, generates an electromotive force (EMF) described by the equation ## \varepsilon=-\frac{d \Phi}{dt} ##. This phenomenon allows for precise calculations of the induced EMF based on the magnet's speed and distance from the solenoid. Conducting an experiment with this setup is recommended for educational purposes, such as a science project or undergraduate laboratory exercise.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electromagnetic induction principles
  • Familiarity with solenoid construction and behavior
  • Knowledge of calculating electromotive force (EMF)
  • Basic experimental design skills for physics projects
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the principles of electromagnetic induction in detail
  • Learn how to calculate magnetic flux and its changes over time
  • Explore experimental setups for demonstrating induced current with magnets
  • Investigate the applications of induced EMF in real-world technologies
USEFUL FOR

Students, educators, and physics enthusiasts interested in practical demonstrations of electromagnetic principles and those looking to enhance their understanding of induced currents in electrical circuits.

Coolamebe
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Hi, I was wondering whether a bar magnet would induce a current if it was moving external to the solenoid, rather than within the coil. I see no reason why it wouldn't occur, but I've never seen it displayed or mentioned so I'm not sure. Thank you.
 
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The external magnetic field from a long bar magnet loops around from the + pole end to the - pole end, and falls off in strength as one moves away from the ends. Thereby if you move a long bar magnet towards a solenoid, there will be an EMF ## \varepsilon=-\frac{d \Phi}{dt} ##. With known magnetic field strength and pattern, it would be possible to accurately compute the EMF that occurs for the motion of the magnet towards the solenoid at a given speed. An experiment like this could make for a good science project and/or undergraduate laboratory exercise.
 
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