Information content in electromagnetic or gravitational waves

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the information content carried by electromagnetic and gravitational waves, exploring whether these waves can convey information, the implications of energy dissipation, and the role of observation in defining information. The scope includes conceptual and theoretical aspects related to physics and information theory.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions whether electromagnetic or gravitational waves can only carry information if their energy is not dissipated, suggesting that information may be lost as heat.
  • Another participant asks for clarification on the definition of information being used in the discussion.
  • A participant references an article on defining information in physics, indicating a resource for further exploration.
  • It is proposed that measuring only the total energy of a wave in terms of heat results in minimal information, with thermal equilibrium representing a state of maximal missing information according to the Shannon-Jaynes interpretation of entropy.
  • A later reply mentions that complete spectral information from wave signals, such as those from merging neutron stars, can provide significant insights into the properties of matter, highlighting the potential richness of information beyond mere energy measurement.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the nature of information in waves, particularly regarding the implications of energy dissipation and the necessity of observation for information existence. The discussion remains unresolved with multiple competing perspectives.

Contextual Notes

There are limitations regarding the definitions of information being used, the dependence on specific interpretations of entropy, and the scope of what constitutes information in the context of wave phenomena.

gianeshwar
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TL;DR
Information scenerio in electromagnetic and gravitational waves. Conditions under which information content is lost.
Electromagnetic or gravitational wave carries energy and momentum from place to place as,I understand.Does it imply that such waves only can carry information and if their energy gets dissipated as heat, the information contained is lost.
Is this information content is to be decoded by human?
If there was no one to observe, was there any information?
Please discuss.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Thank you very much anorlunda for valuable article. Will study it with care.
 
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Of course, if all you measure is the total energy of a wave in terms of heat produced by it in a calorimeter all you have as information is this energy. Thermal equilibrium is the state of minimal information (in the sense of the Shannon-Jaynes interpretation of entropy as a measure for the missing information, which in the equilibrium state is maximal).

If you have of course, say, the complete spectral information of your wave signal you can learn a lot from it. E.g., from the gravitational-wave signals due to merging neutron stars (or a black-hole neutron-star merger) you can learn a lot about the equation of state of the strongly interacting matter making up the neutron star(s).
 
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