Instantaneous Acceleration Calculation

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SUMMARY

The instantaneous acceleration of a body can be calculated using Newton's second law, expressed as a = f / m, where 'a' is acceleration, 'f' is the net force, and 'm' is the mass. For a body with a mass of 10 kg subjected to a force of 100 N, the instantaneous acceleration is 10 m/s². It is crucial to note that while the force can be considered instantaneous, real-world conditions such as material compressibility and system slack may affect the actual acceleration experienced. Additionally, the rate of change of acceleration is referred to as "jerk," which is relevant when forces are not constant.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's laws of motion
  • Knowledge of basic physics concepts such as force and mass
  • Familiarity with the concept of instantaneous values in physics
  • Basic understanding of graphs, specifically velocity-time (v-t) graphs
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the implications of friction on instantaneous acceleration calculations
  • Explore the concept of "jerk" and its significance in motion analysis
  • Learn about the effects of variable forces on acceleration
  • Investigate real-world applications of Newton's laws in engineering and physics
USEFUL FOR

Students of physics, engineers, and anyone interested in understanding motion dynamics and the effects of forces on acceleration.

cb. ram
what will be the instantaneous acceleration when a force act on a body and how to calculate it?for ex if a body of mass 10kg is acted upon by a force of 100N then it accelerate by 10ms^-2 by it take some time to reach this acceleration which can be found out by equation of laws of motion but i want to find out the instantaneous acceleration after the body is subjected to a force ?how to calculate it?
 
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cb. ram said:
if a body of mass 10kg is acted upon by a force of 100N then it accelerate by 10ms^-2 by it take some time to reach this acceleration
No, this is the instantaneous acceleration.
 
this can also be the actual acceleration .can be found out by the equation of motion(if the friction is negligible)
 
If the force is instantaneous, so is the acceleration. Of course in the real world forces are never instantaneous (due to slack in the system, compressibility of materials etc.) so if you want to know how long it takes to reach this acceleration you need to know how long it takes to reach this force.

Note that the rate of change of acceleration is sometimes called "jerk", which is fairly appropriate.
 
cb. ram said:
can be found out by the equation of motion(if the friction is negligible)
The equation (Newtons 2nd) relates instantaneous acceleration to instantaneous net force, which includes friction.
 
sorry friends i just confused it .in the v-t graph if the plot is constantly increasing then the acceleration is constant so instantaneous acceleration should be=actual acceleration .so if the force continuously changes the acceleration should also be continuously changing(both force and the acceleration are then instantaneous).thank you friends am i right
 
Last edited by a moderator:
acceleration (a) at any instant depends on net force (f) and mass (m):
a = f / m
 

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