Integrating the Integrand: Solving a Double Integral

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To solve the double integral ##\int_{z=0}^5 \int_{x=0}^4 \Big( \frac{xz}{ \sqrt{16-x^2}} +x \Big)dxdz##, the term ##\frac{xz}{ \sqrt{16-x^2}}## can be integrated using the substitution method with ##u=16-x^2##. This requires calculating ##du/dx## and adjusting the integral limits accordingly. It's important to note that the integrand is undefined at ##x=4##, which necessitates a discussion on the integrability of the function over the specified intervals. If the integrability can be justified, the double integral can be evaluated in any order. Proper handling of these aspects ensures a well-defined solution to the integral.
Ekramul Towsif
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Homework Statement


##\int_{z=0}^5 \int_{x=0}^4 \Big( \frac{xz}{ \sqrt{16-x^2}} +x \Big)dxdz##

Homework Equations


double integration

The Attempt at a Solution


how do i integrate the term ##\frac{xz}{ \sqrt{16-x^2}}## though i know that ##\int x \, dx = \frac{x^2}{2}##
pls help me thoroughly :(
 
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Ekramul Towsif said:
how do i integrate the term ##\frac{xz}{ \sqrt{16-x^2}}##
The method used to solve that integral was most likely already covered in your past teacher's speeches.
Use substitution method, in particular ##u=16-x^2##. From this compute ##du/dx## and the new integral limits.
 
The integrand ##f(x,z)## is undefined when ##x=4##.
You will have to discuss integrability of ## x \to f(x,z) ## on ##[0,4[##, and of ## z \to \int_0^4 f(x,z) \ dx ## on ## [0,5]##.
If you can justify this, your double integral is well-defined and you can evaluate the integrals in any order you like.
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

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