Integration by parts (Laplace transform)

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on the application of integration by parts in the context of the Laplace Transform, specifically for the integral involving the product of an exponential function and a sine function. The user expresses difficulty in applying the tabular method and recognizes that integration by parts will lead to a recursive integral. A key insight shared is the use of complex exponentials to simplify the integration process, allowing for the extraction of both the imaginary and real parts to obtain the Laplace transforms of \( t\sin(at) \) and \( t\cos(at) \).

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Laplace Transforms
  • Familiarity with integration by parts
  • Knowledge of complex numbers and exponential functions
  • Basic proficiency in calculus, particularly with trigonometric functions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of Laplace Transforms, focusing on the transforms of products of functions
  • Learn the tabular integration method for solving integrals involving products of functions
  • Explore the use of complex analysis in integration, particularly with exponential functions
  • Practice solving integrals of the form \( \int_0^\infty te^{-(s-ia)t}dt \) to reinforce understanding
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in mathematics, engineering, and physics who are working with Laplace Transforms and need to enhance their integration techniques, particularly those involving products of exponential and trigonometric functions.

Speedo
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First off, I hope these images show up - I don't have time to figure out this latex stuff atm, so it's easier just to throw the formulae together in openoffice.

I'm working on the Laplace Transform for
http://home.directus.net/jrc748/f.gif

Which is obviously
http://home.directus.net/jrc748/l1.gif

Now, in case somebody brings it up, I know that we can look up the answer in the table of basic Laplace transforms as
http://home.directus.net/jrc748/l2.gif

But if I could get off that easy, I wouldn't be asking this question, would I? ;)

My main problem is that I'm fairly rusty on integration, so I'm probably missing something small. I'd picked out
http://home.directus.net/jrc748/uv.gif
and was attempting the tabular method, but I'm not getting anywhere. It's looking to me like no matter what you pick for u or dv you'll be doing integration by parts forever, since you're stuck with e^t and sin.
Just need some hints to kick start the thought process.
 
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The usual trick when it comes to integrating a product of an exponential and a trig function by parts is that you will get the original integral again. So for example if we let the original integral be I then we will reach a step that looks like:
I = (some stuff) + kI => I = (some stuff)/(1 - k)

Maybe this could help you.
 
I haven't actually written the working out but I would try...

<br /> e^{ - st} t\sin \left( {at} \right) = t\left( {e^{ - st} \sin \left( {at} \right)} \right)<br />

The t is quite pesky so get rid of it by using parts, differentiate the t and integrate the exponential and sine product (*). You'll be left with some complicated product (which you don't need to deal with) plus or minus some integral involving products of exponentials and sines or cosines. That should be easy to integrate.

(*) integrating the product of an exponential and sine (or cosine) should be standard procedure considering the level that you're at.
 
Yep, that's the ticket. I figured it was right under my nose.
 
A shortcut that is also much easier is to use the complex exponential:
\int_0^\infty te^{-(s-ia)t}dt
Your integral is just the imaginary part of this. As a side bonus you also get the Laplace transform of t\cos(at) by taking the real part.
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

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