Is classical differential geometry still useful?

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SUMMARY

Classical differential geometry, while historically significant, is increasingly viewed as less relevant compared to modern differential geometry, particularly in the context of general relativity and higher-dimensional spaces. The discussion highlights that classical techniques, especially those focused on curves and surfaces in 3D, lack the systematic approach found in modern formulations. However, classical differential geometry still offers valuable techniques and examples, particularly in the study of Riemann surfaces, and continues to be a subject of research with modern interpretations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Riemannian geometry
  • Familiarity with differential forms
  • Knowledge of modern calculus techniques
  • Basic concepts of manifolds
NEXT STEPS
  • Explore modern differential geometry applications in theoretical physics
  • Study Riemann surfaces and their connection to classical differential geometry
  • Investigate modern textbooks that integrate classical techniques with contemporary methods
  • Learn about the tangent circle bundle and its relevance in differential geometry
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Mathematics students, physicists, and researchers interested in the evolution of differential geometry and its applications in modern theoretical frameworks.

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Is "classical" differential geometry still useful?

As a physics major I have seen in general relativity the power of modern differential geometry such as coordinate-free treatment of manifolds and Riemannian geometry. However, I've also encountered math textbooks devoted to "classical" differential geometry which is very tied up to curves and surfaces in 3D and does not consider higher-dimensional cases. It is my impression that many topics, especially geodesics, is treated in a much more systematic way in the modern, arbitrary dimensional formulation of differential geometry, and much of the techniques in the classical differential geometry is obsolete. In addition, classical differential geometry lacks the techniques that are widely applied in theoretical physics, such as differential forms.

So my question is, is classical differential geometry still worth studying?
 
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classical differential geometry has a rich store of techniques and examples and many subjects are still researched. There are modern books that develop the classical theories with modern calculus techniques and some that use connections on the tangent circle bundle of the surface.

The theory of Riemann surfaces deeply involves classical differential geometry.
 

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