Is the inverse-square law valid for all cosmological distances?

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SUMMARY

The inverse-square law is valid at all distances only in the flat Friedmann model (k=0). In models with curvature (k=-1 or k=+1), the law fails, leading to magnification effects that impact the brightness of standard candles. Current cosmological measurements incorporate General Relativity, avoiding circular reasoning regarding the inverse-square law. Future weak lensing surveys may help distinguish between modified gravity theories and dark energy, but no compelling models have yet been proposed that fit observational data.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Friedmann models (k=-1, 0, +1)
  • Familiarity with General Relativity and its implications
  • Knowledge of weak gravitational lensing techniques
  • Basic concepts of cosmological redshift and standard candles
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the implications of the Friedmann equations on cosmological models
  • Study the methodology of weak lensing surveys and their significance in cosmology
  • Explore the Lambda-CDM model and its role in explaining cosmic acceleration
  • Investigate the effects of redshift on light intensity in expanding universes
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Astronomers, cosmologists, and physics students interested in the foundations of cosmological models and the implications of the inverse-square law on the understanding of the universe's expansion.

  • #31
Chalnoth said:
Your statement here has nothing to do with my question.

I can see that this discussion is not going to work out. :-)
 
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  • #32
Chalnoth said:
Why do you think that Newtonian Doppler shift is currently assumed?
Because distant Hubble objects are assumed to be stationary relative to their "local space" and so they are assumed to be not subject to relativistic time dilation which is a function of peculiar velocity relative to local space. Therefore the classic Doppler shift formula which does not include time dilation is used. In a flat-space-no-gravity model a receding object with a high relativistic velocity would have to be time dilated and so the relativistic Doppler equation would have to be used.

What model you use depends on what you measure, but what you measure depends on what model you assume.
 
  • #33
yuiop said:
Because distant Hubble objects are assumed to be stationary relative to their "local space" and so they are assumed to be not subject to relativistic time dilation which is a function of peculiar velocity relative to local space. Therefore the classic Doppler shift formula which does not include time dilation is used. In a flat-space-no-gravity model a receding object with a high relativistic velocity would have to be time dilated and so the relativistic Doppler equation would have to be used.
The peculiar motion of galaxies is generally pretty small compared to relativistic velocities, typically less than 1000 km/sec or so. It can't get much greater because any object that moves rapidly with respect to the expansion quickly catches up to the expansion. The only reason why some things move that fast at all is because they're in the vicinity of some nearby massive object that they're falling towards or in orbit around.
 
  • #34
Chalnoth said:
The peculiar motion of galaxies is generally pretty small compared to relativistic velocities, typically less than 1000 km/sec or so. It can't get much greater because any object that moves rapidly with respect to the expansion quickly catches up to the expansion.
I understand that, but in the flat-space-no-gravity model there is no peculiar motion. Peculiar motion only belongs to the Hubble flow idea where Hubble objects are receding at the same velocity as the "local space". The simplistic Special Relativistic interpretation does not consider a vacuum or space itself to be a substance with a measurable velocity, which has etheristic implications.
 
  • #35
yuiop said:
I understand that, but in the flat-space-no-gravity model there is no peculiar motion.
Okay, but that model doesn't describe our universe. So why consider it?
 

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