Is the Photoelectric Effect Proof That Light Is a Particle?

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the photoelectric effect and its implications for the particle versus wave nature of light. Participants assert that light behaves as a particle, as evidenced by the immediate ejection of electrons when illuminated with light above a threshold frequency, contradicting the wave model's prediction of a time delay for energy accumulation. The conversation highlights that while increasing light intensity raises the number of ejected electrons, it does not increase their kinetic energy, further supporting the photon model. The conclusion drawn is that the wave model fails to account for the threshold frequency and the instantaneous energy transfer observed in the photoelectric effect.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the photoelectric effect
  • Familiarity with quantum mechanics concepts
  • Knowledge of light's dual nature (wave-particle duality)
  • Basic principles of electron energy levels in metals
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the mathematical formulation of the photoelectric effect using Einstein's equation E=hf
  • Explore the implications of wave-particle duality in quantum mechanics
  • Investigate experimental setups demonstrating the photoelectric effect
  • Learn about the limitations of classical wave theories in explaining quantum phenomena
USEFUL FOR

Students of physics, educators teaching quantum mechanics, and researchers interested in the foundational concepts of light and electron interactions.

  • #31
A single wave (or wavefront) can have any energy as long as it's a multiple of hf.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #32
Is it because a single wave is made of many photons and each individual photon has an energy E=hf?
So the energy of an individual photon is not quantised but the energy of a wave is quantised?
 
  • #33
We're really just getting into semantics and what a 'single' wave is. It's not important. If an EM wave comes in, no matter if it has one or many 'waves' or 'wavefronts', its energy will be some integer multiple of hf.

sss1 said:
So the energy of an individual photon is not quantised but the energy of a wave is quantised?
The photon IS the quantization of the wave. The wave is quantized and that shows up as a photon.
 
  • #34
Drakkith said:
The photon IS the quantization of the wave. The wave is quantized and that shows up as a photon.
But a photon can have any energy it wants? Whereas the energy of a wave needs to be a multiple of hf?
 
  • #35
sss1 said:
But a photon can have any energy it wants? Whereas the energy of a wave needs to be a multiple of hf?
That's the wrong way round. Classically the energy of a wave is not determined by its frequency. The Classical wave model cannot explain certain phenomena like the photoelectric effect.

So, you need to quantize the EM field and introduce quanta of that field, called photons.

White light is a mixture of frequencies. But, monochromatic light has a single frequency and can only deliver energy in discrete quanta, which depend on the frequency.

Light is neither a classical wave nor a classical particle. It's a product of the quantized EM field.
 
  • #36
sss1 said:
But a photon can have any energy it wants? Whereas the energy of a wave needs to be a multiple of hf?
No. The photon's energy is determined by the frequency of the wave.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 17 ·
Replies
17
Views
2K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
3K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
1K
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 25 ·
Replies
25
Views
4K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
3K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 19 ·
Replies
19
Views
3K
Replies
3
Views
6K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
5K