Isothermal Compressibility: Derive an equation

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SUMMARY

The isothermal compressibility $\kappa_t$ of a substance is defined by the equation $$ \kappa_t = -\frac{1}{V} \left ( \frac{\partial V}{\partial P} \right )_T $$ and can be derived for an ideal gas using the ideal gas law, represented as either PV = nRT or PV = RT. The discussion confirms that both forms yield the same result when deriving the expression for isothermal compressibility. The correct approach involves solving for volume (V) and taking the partial derivative with respect to pressure (P) at constant temperature (T) and number of moles (n).

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the ideal gas law (PV = nRT)
  • Knowledge of partial derivatives in thermodynamics
  • Familiarity with the concept of isothermal processes
  • Basic principles of thermodynamic properties
NEXT STEPS
  • Derive the expression for isothermal compressibility of an ideal gas using the ideal gas law
  • Study the implications of isothermal compressibility in real gases
  • Explore the relationship between compressibility and thermodynamic stability
  • Learn about the application of partial derivatives in thermodynamic equations
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in physics and engineering, particularly those focusing on thermodynamics and fluid mechanics, will benefit from this discussion on isothermal compressibility and its derivation for ideal gases.

johnr
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> The isothermal compressibility $\kappa_t$ of a substance is defined as $$ \kappa_t = -\frac{1}{V} \left ( \frac{\partial V}{\partial P} \right )_T $$ Obtain an expression for the isothermal compressibility of an ideal gas. (PV = RT) in terms of p.

I believe that the ideal gas law equation may be a typo (i.e. PV = nRT). Anyways, I have first set $P = RT/V$ and then taken $P_{VT}$ (partial derivatives). Is this the right way to go?
 
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johnr said:
typo
It's often shown for n=1.
johnr said:
right way to go?
Which derivative is useful for this problem?
 
It doesn't matter whether you use PV=nRT or PV=RT. You get the same answer either way. So solve for V and take the partial derivative with respect to P at constant T (and n). What do you get?

Chet
 

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