Kinetics Problems -- Blocks on inclined plane

In summary: Part (c) : "Determine the acceleration of the block ( size and orientation) ;"You say: ax = -2.78 m/s^2 , which is correct, but the "size" of this acceleration is not given. It is 2.78 m/s^2.Part (d): "if the block reaches a speed of 10 m / s , how far he has come ;"You say: "-10)^2 = 0^2 + 2*(-2.78)*(X)-17,98m"It is not clear to me what you are saying here. To get the distance traveled you need to use: v = v0 + a*t and/or s = s0
  • #1
masterchiefo
212
2

Homework Statement


Problem 1:
A block of mass m = 15 kg from rest on an incline of 20 °. It is assumed that
static and dynamic friction coefficients are respectively μs =0.4 and μk = 0.2. a force P
is then applied (P = 30 N) on the block as shown in Figure 1 .

a) Will the block slide? ( justify your answer )
if yes
b ) Draw the diagram of forces and acceleration;
c) Determine the acceleration of the block ( size and orientation) ;
d) if the block reaches a speed of 10 m / s , how far he has come ;
e) then determine the time taken by the block to reach the speed of 10 m / s.

Problem 2:
Two blocks A and B, of masses mA = 10 kg and mB = 7kg , connected by a non-elastic cable slide over
a map as shown in Figure 2. If we apply on the block A a force P = 100 N ( see Figure 2)
and that the kinetic coefficient of friction between the blocks and the map is μk = 0.12 ,
a) draw the diagram of the forces;
determine :
b) the acceleration of two blocks;
c) the direction of movement of the two blocks;
d) the tension in the cable connecting the two blocks.

Homework Equations


I would love if you guys could verify if all my answer are correct.
thank you very much.

I am a little confused when to use μk and μs in both problems.

The Attempt at a Solution


P = 30N
m = 15kg
W = m*g = 147.15 N
us = 0.40
uk = 0.20

Problem 1)
My drawing of the problem with the block and the inclined plane:
http://i.imgur.com/PFw3GoE.png

a)
∑Fx = 0 = -cos(60)*P + cos(20)*Ff - sin(20)*N
0 = -cos(60)*30+ cos(20)*Ff - sin(20)*N
∑Fy = 0 = -W + sin(20)*Ff + cos(20)*N - sin(60)*P
0 = -147.15N + sin(20)*Ff + cos(20)*N - sin(60)*30

0 = -cos(60)*30+ cos(20)*Ff - sin(20)*N
0 = -147.15N + sin(20)*Ff + cos(20)*N - sin(60)*30
I did a solve of those 2 equations on my TI-Nspire calculator to find N and Ff.
Ff = 73.2096N
N = 157.559N

Fs = 0.4 * 157.559N = 63.0236N
if Fs < 73.309N then there is a movement and my block is sliding.
63.0236N < 73.2096N

b ) Draw the diagram of forces;
http://i.imgur.com/PFw3GoE.png

C)
Ffk = uk * N = 0.2 * 157.559 = 31.5118
∑Fx = m*ax
-cos(60)*P + cos(20)*Ffk - sin(20)*N = 15kg * ax
-cos(60)*30 + cos(20)*31.5118 - sin(20)*157.559 = 15kg * ax
ax = -2.78m/s^2

d)
Xf-Xi=X
vf^2 = vi^2 +2*a(Xf-Xi)
(-10)^2 = 0^2 + 2*(-2.78)*(X)
-17,98m

e) vf = vi + a(tf-ti)
-10 = 0 + (-2.78)*(tf-0)
3.59 secProblem 2)

a) draw the diagram of the forces;
http://i.imgur.com/37SvuCN.png

b) c) and d)
ay = 0 for both blocks

Block A:
∑Fy = m*ay
N-W+P*sin(25)= 10Kg *0 => N-(9,81*10Kg)+100N*sin(25)= 0
N = 55.7382N
Fk = uk * N => Fk = 0.12 * 55.7382N
Fk = 6.68858N

∑Fx = m*ax
-P*cos(25) + T + Fk = 10kg * ax
-100N*cos(25) + T +6.68858N = 10kg * axBlock B:
∑Fy = m*ay
N-W*cos(20)= 7Kg *0
N-(7*9.81)*cos(20)=0
N = 64.5287N
Fk = uk * N => Fk = 0.12 * 64.5287N
Fk = 7.74344N

∑Fx = m*ax
-T+W*sin(20)+Fk = 7Kg *ax
-T+(7*9.91)*sin(20)+7.74344N = 7Kg * ax

Solve with TI-Nspire calculator to find ax and T:
-100N*cos(25) + T +6.68858N = 10kg * ax ---Block A
-T+(7*9.91)*sin(20)+7.74344N = 7Kg * ax ---Block B
T = 52.935N <====== answer for question d)
ax = -3.10072 <====== answer for question b)c) since ax is negative we can assume that the direction of movement of the two blocks is to the left.Thank you very much
 
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  • #2
masterchiefo said:

Homework Statement


Problem 1:
A block of mass m = 15 kg from rest on an incline of 20 °. It is assumed that
static and dynamic friction coefficients are respectively μs =0.4 and μk = 0.2. a force P
is then applied (P = 30 N) on the block as shown in Figure 1 .

a) Will the block slide? ( justify your answer )
if yes
b ) Draw the diagram of forces and acceleration;
c) Determine the acceleration of the block ( size and orientation) ;
d) if the block reaches a speed of 10 m / s , how far he has come ;
e) then determine the time taken by the block to reach the speed of 10 m / s.

Problem 2:
Two blocks A and B, of masses mA = 10 kg and mB = 7kg , connected by a non-elastic cable slide over
a map as shown in Figure 2. If we apply on the block A a force P = 100 N ( see Figure 2)
and that the kinetic coefficient of friction between the blocks and the map is μk = 0.12 ,
a) draw the diagram of the forces;
determine :
b) the acceleration of two blocks;
c) the direction of movement of the two blocks;
d) the tension in the cable connecting the two blocks.

Homework Equations


I would love if you guys could verify if all my answer are correct.
thank you very much.

I am a little confused when to use μk and μs in both problems.

The Attempt at a Solution


P = 30N
m = 15kg
W = m*g = 147.15 N
us = 0.40
uk = 0.20

Problem 1)
My drawing of the problem with the block and the inclined plane:
http://i.imgur.com/PFw3GoE.png

a)
∑Fx = 0 = -cos(60)*P + cos(20)*Ff - sin(20)*N
0 = -cos(60)*30+ cos(20)*Ff - sin(20)*N
∑Fy = 0 = -W + sin(20)*Ff + cos(20)*N - sin(60)*P
0 = -147.15N + sin(20)*Ff + cos(20)*N - sin(60)*30

0 = -cos(60)*30+ cos(20)*Ff - sin(20)*N
0 = -147.15N + sin(20)*Ff + cos(20)*N - sin(60)*30
I did a solve of those 2 equations on my TI-Nspire calculator to find N and Ff.
Ff = 73.2096N
N = 157.559N

Fs = 0.4 * 157.559N = 63.0236N
if Fs < 73.309N then there is a movement and my block is sliding.
63.0236N < 73.2096N

b ) Draw the diagram of forces;
http://i.imgur.com/PFw3GoE.png

C)
Ffk = uk * N = 0.2 * 157.559 = 31.5118
∑Fx = m*ax
-cos(60)*P + cos(20)*Ffk - sin(20)*N = 15kg * ax
-cos(60)*30 + cos(20)*31.5118 - sin(20)*157.559 = 15kg * ax
ax = -2.78m/s^2

d)
Xf-Xi=X
vf^2 = vi^2 +2*a(Xf-Xi)
(-10)^2 = 0^2 + 2*(-2.78)*(X)
-17,98m

e) vf = vi + a(tf-ti)
-10 = 0 + (-2.78)*(tf-0)
3.59 sec
...

Thank you very much
Only comments on Prob. #1 here.

Part (a) & (b) appear to be correct. The friction force needed to keep the block from sliding id more than the maximum value that static friction can provide.

From this point on, you need to use kinetic friction.

After this point you only find and then use the x-component of acceleration. With the coordinate system you have chosen, both ax and ay are non-zero.
 
  • #3
SammyS said:
Only comments on Prob. #1 here.

Part (a) & (b) appear to be correct. The friction force needed to keep the block from sliding id more than the maximum value that static friction can provide.

From this point on, you need to use kinetic friction.

After this point you only find and then use the x-component of acceleration. With the coordinate system you have chosen, both ax and ay are non-zero.
Yes you are completely right man.
I have corrected that mistake on my paper work.
 

FAQ: Kinetics Problems -- Blocks on inclined plane

1. How do you calculate the net force on a block on an inclined plane?

The net force on a block on an inclined plane can be calculated using the formula Fnet = mgsinθ, where m is the mass of the block, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and θ is the angle of the incline.

2. What is the relationship between the angle of the incline and the friction force on the block?

The friction force on the block is directly proportional to the angle of the incline. As the angle increases, the friction force also increases, making it more difficult for the block to move.

3. How does the mass of the block affect its acceleration on an inclined plane?

The mass of the block has no effect on its acceleration on an inclined plane. This is because the gravitational force and the normal force both increase in proportion to the mass, canceling each other out and resulting in the same acceleration for all masses.

4. Can you determine the velocity of a block on an inclined plane?

Yes, the velocity of the block can be determined using the formula v = √(2gsinθ(Δy)), where g is the acceleration due to gravity, θ is the angle of the incline, and Δy is the vertical distance travelled by the block.

5. How does the angle of the incline affect the potential and kinetic energy of the block?

The angle of the incline has no effect on the total energy of the block, but it does affect the distribution of potential and kinetic energy. As the angle increases, the potential energy decreases and the kinetic energy increases, and vice versa.

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