Ladder operators in electron field and electron's charge

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the treatment of electron field operators in quantum field theory, specifically referencing S. Weinberg's "The Quantum Theory of Fields Volume I." It emphasizes that the charge of electrons prohibits the mixing of annihilation and creation operators in the field representation. The field is expressed as $$\psi(x)=\sum_{k}u_k (x)e^{-i\omega_k t}a_k$$, where the terms represent orthonormal solutions of the Dirac equation. The inability to create or destroy electrons in isolation is attributed to their electric charge and lepton number conservation.

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S. Weinberg says in his book, "The Quantum Theory of Fields Volume I", that

Since electrons carry a charge, we would not like to mix annihilation and creation operators, so we might try to write the field as $$\psi(x)=\sum_{k}u_k (x)e^{-i\omega_k t}a_k$$
where ##u_k (x)e^{-i\omega_k t}## are a complete set of orthonormal plane-wave solutions of the Dirac equation with ##k## labelling the 3-momentum, spin, and sign of the energy.
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At the first time, I thought it's because ##\sum_{k}## already involves the negative ##\omega_k## so that ##b_k## and ##b^\dagger _k## in ##\psi(x)=\sum_{k}u_k (x)e^{-i\omega_k t}b_k+u_k (x)e^{i\omega_k t}b^\dagger _k## can be merged into ##a_k##.

But he says it's because of the electron's charge and explains no more. Can someone explain, please?

Thank you.
 
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I don't have the book, but electrons cannot be created or destroyed in isolation - their electric charge is one reason, the lepton number is another.
 

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