Linearising Graph of Mass and Frequency

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the challenges of linearizing the relationship between mass and frequency in a tuning fork experiment. The participant conducted an experiment where they added mass to a tuning fork and recorded the corresponding frequencies, resulting in an unexpected exponential decay graph. They attempted to apply the equations of simple harmonic motion (SHM), specifically ω = 2πf and ω = √(k/m), to derive a linear relationship but encountered difficulties. Suggestions were provided to consider the effective mass that vibrates and the implications of adding mass to only one prong of the tuning fork.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of simple harmonic motion (SHM) principles
  • Familiarity with the equations ω = 2πf and ω = √(k/m)
  • Basic knowledge of graphing techniques and data analysis
  • Experience with experimental physics and tuning fork behavior
NEXT STEPS
  • Investigate the concept of effective mass in oscillating systems
  • Learn about the impact of mass distribution on tuning fork vibrations
  • Explore advanced graphing techniques for nonlinear data
  • Study the effects of damping and external forces on frequency measurements
USEFUL FOR

Students conducting experiments in physics, particularly those studying oscillations and wave mechanics, as well as educators seeking to understand common misconceptions in experimental setups involving tuning forks.

Tikiboom1
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Homework Statement


I did an experiment about the loading of tuning forks. I added blue tac to one of the prongs on a tuning fork and then weighed it. I then measured the different frequencies for each mass and plotted a graph which ended up looking like a exponential decay graph. The results are shown below :

Mass(kg): Frequency(Hz):
0.05179 307.83
0.05219 305
0.05269 302.83
0.05335 301.17
0.05378 299.83
0.05572 299.17

Homework Equations


ω = 2πf
ω = √(k/m)

The Attempt at a Solution


When a tuning fork oscillates it is under SHM as when the prongs oscillate there is a restoring force towards the equilibrium. Using the equations of SHM, I did :
2πf = √(k/m)
∴ f = √(k/m) x 1/2π.

As, k and π are constants, we can rearrange the equation so that f = √k/2π x √1/m.
So if I plot f on the y-axis, and √1/m on the x-axis, I should get a straight line with √k/2π, being the gradient. However, I still get a exponential decay looking curve when I try to do that! I've then gone on to try the usual logging both sides and then plotting a graph of lg(frequency) and lg(mass) but I still get a curve which is extremely strange? I tried plotting frequency to (1/mass)². But still I get a curve? Could anybody please point out where I have gone wrong or done something careless? I can't seem to spot the problem and can't linearise the curve!

Thank you so much in advance, your help and advice is greatly appreciated!
 
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Hello Tikiboom, :welcome:

For your m you seem to take the mass of the entire fork. But not the entire fork vibrates ! So you want to work around your formula in such a way that you can plot your observation versus m. That way you can estimate m0, the mass that doen's vibrate.

One other remark: why attach a weight to one prong only ? What frequency do you expect for the other prong ? How does that influence your measurement ?
 

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