Magnetic field due to displacement current and Ampere's law

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the magnetic field due to displacement current in a capacitor with radius ##R## and plate separation ##d##. Using Ampere's Law, the magnetic field outside the capacitor is given by the equation \(B(r) = \frac{\mu_0 i_C}{2 \pi r}\) for \(r < R\), while inside, it is expressed as \(B(r) = \frac{\mu_0 \epsilon_0 r}{2d} V(t)\). The key conclusion is that the magnetic fields inside and outside the capacitor differ, and continuity at \(r = R\) must be maintained, leading to a relationship between the displacement current \(i_C\) and the voltage \(V(t)\).

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Ampere's Law
  • Familiarity with displacement current concept
  • Knowledge of electric field and voltage in capacitors
  • Basic calculus for differentiation of functions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of Ampere's Law in the context of displacement current
  • Learn about the relationship between current and voltage in capacitors
  • Explore the implications of magnetic field continuity at boundaries
  • Investigate the role of time-varying electric fields in electromagnetic theory
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Physicists, electrical engineers, and students studying electromagnetism, particularly those interested in the behavior of magnetic fields in capacitive systems.

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I have a doubt on this calculation of magnetic field in presence of displacement current. Consider a capacitor of radius ##R## and with plates at distance ##d## being charged: there is a displacement current in it.

Suppose that I want to calculate the magnetic field ##B## at a distance ##r < R## both inside and outside the capacitor.

Consider the two amperian-loops, both of radius ##r<R##, one inside and one outside the capcitor.

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Outside: Ampere Law leads to
$$2 \pi r B= \mu_0 i_C \to B(r)=\frac{\mu_0 i_c}{2 \pi r} \tag{1}$$

Inside: Ampere Law leads to

$$2 \pi rB= \mu_0 \epsilon_0 \frac{\partial \Phi(E(t))}{\partial t}=\mu_0 \epsilon_0 \pi r^2 E(t)\to B(r)=\frac{\mu_0 \epsilon_0 r}{2} E(t)=\frac{\mu_0 \epsilon_0 r}{2d} V(t)\tag{2}$$

Where ##V(t)## is the voltage difference in the capacitor.

Therefore the two different magnetic fields, inside and outside the capacitor are different. Is that right?

I think it is not so strange since ##r<R## and therefore I did not consider all the displacement current, but only a part of it. Or am I missing something important?
 
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What you have done is correct, except in the second equations your should have dE/dt and dV/dt instead of E and V. But the magnetic field needs to be continuous at r=R. Try setting your two expressions equal at r=R and see what you get. What does this tell you about the relation between i and V?
 
Last edited:

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