[Mathematical logic] prenex normal form and skolem normal form

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the conversion of logical formulas into prenex normal form (PNF) and Skolem normal form (SNF). Participants emphasize the importance of presenting work in a clear format, preferably using LaTeX, to enhance readability and understanding. The conversation highlights the necessity of following structured steps to achieve these normal forms, which are critical in mathematical logic for simplifying logical expressions.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of logical formulas and quantifiers
  • Familiarity with prenex normal form (PNF) and Skolem normal form (SNF)
  • Basic knowledge of LaTeX for formatting mathematical expressions
  • Experience with logical equivalences and transformations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the process of converting logical formulas to prenex normal form (PNF)
  • Learn the techniques for deriving Skolem normal form (SNF)
  • Practice using LaTeX for typesetting mathematical logic expressions
  • Explore logical equivalences and their applications in mathematical proofs
USEFUL FOR

Students of mathematical logic, educators teaching logic courses, and anyone involved in formal logic and its applications will benefit from this discussion.

Nico
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Homework Statement
[Mathematical logic] convert the following equation into prenex normal form and skolem normal form.
Relevant Equations
(a) ~∃x∃y(~p(x) ∧ ∀z q(y, z) )


(b) ∀x ( p(x) ⇔ ∃y q(y, x) )


(c) ~(∀p(x)∧∀y∃zq(y, z)∧∀y∃z q(z, y))
The attached picture below is the note I solved halfway through.

Please tell me the entire process of getting to the correct answer.
 

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  • 18(c).png
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@Nico, we discourage the use of images that show work done, because they are usually illegible due to small image size or otherwise difficult to read.
Please show your work either as text or preferably, using LaTeX. There is a link to our tutorial at the lower left corner of the text entry pane.
 

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