The discussion explores the potential evolution of mathematics over the next million years, assuming humanity survives. Participants speculate on improvements in mathematical language and notation, suggesting that future systems could be more efficient than the current base-10 system. There is a consensus that new notations could simplify complex concepts, potentially allowing for advanced mathematical operations to be performed mentally, akin to basic arithmetic today. The conversation touches on the inefficiencies of Roman numerals and the possibility of alternative bases, such as base six or twelve, which could simplify calculations. Additionally, advancements in technology and brain enhancements are anticipated to transform mathematical understanding and capabilities, leading to more complex multi-dimensional mathematics. The discussion also acknowledges the current challenges in prime number computation and the economic implications of mathematical advancements. Overall, the future of mathematics is envisioned as a blend of enhanced cognitive abilities and innovative notational systems, making complex concepts more accessible.