Metric and existence of parallel lines

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the relationship between the metric of a manifold and the nature of its geometry, specifically in the context of parallel lines and different geometrical frameworks such as Euclidean, Hyperbolic, and Elliptic geometries. Participants explore how the metric can indicate the type of geometry and the implications for parallelism.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that the metric specifies the geometry of a manifold and can indicate whether it is Euclidean, Hyperbolic, or Elliptic.
  • Others argue that while different coordinate systems can represent the same manifold, the underlying geometry remains unchanged, as the metric still describes the same geometric properties.
  • A participant questions how the metric can determine the existence of parallel lines, seeking clarification on this relationship.
  • It is suggested that the concept of parallelism is tied to the definition of lines and geodesics in Riemannian geometry, and that the metric tensor can be used to explore parallel geodesics.
  • One participant notes that the distinction between different geometries can be assessed by examining the sum of the angles in a triangle, which relates back to the properties defined by the metric tensor.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the implications of the metric for determining geometry and parallelism. While there is some agreement on the role of the metric tensor, the specifics of how it relates to parallel lines and the definitions involved remain contested.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights the dependence on definitions, such as what constitutes a line in different geometrical contexts, and the implications of coordinate systems on the representation of the metric.

ShayanJ
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I don't know very much about differential geometry but from the things I know I think that the metric is somehow the quantity which specifies what kind of a geometry we're talking about(Though not sure about this because different coordinate systems on the same manifold can lead to different metrics!). So I think it should be possible to know that a particular geometry is Euclidean,Hyperbolic or elliptic by taking a look at its metric.Is it right? if yes,how is that?
Thanks
 
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The fact that a manifold can be represented by different coordinates doesn't mean that the manifold has no geometry.
In the same way the metric has different representations for different systems of coordinates, but it still represents the same thing / geometry.
Indeed the metric is all that is needed to describe the geometry, if it is Euclidean for example.
The way to check if -for example- it is Euclidean, doesn't depend on the system of coordinates which is used.
For example, the total curvature will always be the same independently of the coordinate system used to calculate it.
 
So...you mean we can say whether a geometry allows parallel lines by just looking at its metric? How?
 
I was mainly reacting about your remark:

"Though not sure about this because different coordinate systems on the same manifold can lead to different metrics!"

I was meaning that the information about the geometry that is contained in the metric tensor is independent of the coordinates used. (that's the meaning of the metric being a tensor)

Regarding the notion of parallelism, you need first to define what a line is, since parallelism, as far as I know, is related to "lines". In the context of Riemannian geometry (ie based on a metric), parallelism is defined on the basis of geodesics. The existence of parallel geodesics can be verified by exploring the metric tensor.

If the distinction between Euclidean, Hyperbolic of Elliptic geometry is defined by comparing the sum of the angles of a triangle to Pi, then the metric tensor is definitively able to detect this distinction. This is because, 1) the metric tensor is all that you need to define parallel transport and "lines" and 2) it defines the geometry in the tangent space (distances and angles).
 

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