Minimum area of a triangle with fixed incircle

Click For Summary
The discussion focuses on finding the minimum area of an isosceles triangle with a fixed incircle radius R and height x. It is established that the area can be expressed in terms of x, and the critical step involves differentiating this area with respect to x to identify minimum points. The geometric relationship between the triangle's dimensions is explored, particularly through the use of similar triangles, which aids in expressing the base in terms of x and R. The conclusion reached is that the minimum area occurs when the height x equals 3R. The solution emphasizes the importance of understanding geometric properties and relationships in solving the problem effectively.
Referos
Messages
10
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement


Consider an isosceles triangles with height x and a fixed incircle of radius R. Show that the minimum area of such triangle occurs when x = 3R


Homework Equations


None.


The Attempt at a Solution


Well, I know that have to express the area of the triangle in terms of x, then differentiate with respect to x and find where the derivative is zero, and then check whether it's a minimum or maximum. My problem is mostly with the geometric part of the problem. Since I have the height x, I suppose that I need to find the base in terms of x, since area = 1/2 * base * height.
The only thing I've managed to do is drawing a line from the center of the incircle to one of the points of tangent; this gives a right triangle with a cathetus equal to R and a hyponetuse equal to x - R. I've tried finding similar triangles but it didn't work so well.
Thanks.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Denote the 3 vertices of the isosceles triangle by A, B, and C, with sides AB and BC having the same length.
Drop a perpendicular from B to AC, and denote the point of intersection by D. Note that we have BD = x.
We shall label the centre of the incircle as O, and shall drop another perpendicular from O to AB. The foot of the perpendicular shall be denoted by E. I believe you're right in saying that OE = R and OB = x - R.
Here's how I suggest you proceed : Observe that the right-angled triangles ABD and OBE are similar. (Why?) Use this fact to express AD in terms of R and x. Determining the area of the triangle ABC should now be easy.
 
Ah, thanks, I managed to find the area with your "hint". I didn't see that triangle similarity before. From there, differentiating was simple.
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

Similar threads

  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
1K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
1K
  • · Replies 30 ·
2
Replies
30
Views
4K
  • · Replies 24 ·
Replies
24
Views
4K
  • · Replies 14 ·
Replies
14
Views
2K
  • · Replies 20 ·
Replies
20
Views
4K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
2K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
4K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
2K
  • · Replies 14 ·
Replies
14
Views
3K