Minimum spring force required to keep a car level

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The discussion focuses on calculating the minimum spring force required to keep a car level under various conditions, particularly when subjected to perturbations. Key calculations involve determining the weight distribution on the front and back wheels, using the spring force equation F = kx, and analyzing the torque generated by gravity versus the restoring torque from the springs. Participants explore the impact of the car's center of gravity and the angle of rotation on spring compression and overall stability. The conversation also delves into the mechanics of how the springs interact with the car's body during rotation and the implications for effective spring constants. The analysis aims to establish a framework for predicting vehicle behavior based on its suspension setup.
  • #31
Oh I get it. By axle I was thinking the assembly that has the rotating piece that connects to the wheels inside of it. I think youre asking me about the rotating piece right? Or asking if the whole wheel/axle area acts like a pivot joint
So if the springs are pivoted at the bottom then the front one can move farther under relative to the body and the back one can move farther out. I think there would be force opposing gravity and I think it would be different for each one. You can find them by dividing the distance from one to the center of gravity by the distance of the other one to the center of gravity * mg. But I am not quite sure where to go from here. Mostly about how to find the spring compression
 
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  • #32
Saw your edit. So I guess you do treat the wheels as moving freely then. I am still trying to figure out how to get the spring compression with the springs angled
 
  • #33
I don't think you can do it the same way anymore because of the wheels now being included and the springs angled. Make a triangle at the connection of one of the springs to the body. The angle the body is at is θ. The angle of the triangle at the spring connection is θ. The hypotnuse is the spring force and adjacent is the part of the spring force opposing gravity. All of the adjacents together have to equal the force of gravity. Should I do this by weight and would it be the amount of weight on each wheel since the wheel positions are also different because of the rotation, one has gone underneath and one has gone out, so that force transferred up the suspension to the spring, or by weight at the spring connection to the body? I would think it would be the force tranferred up the suspension. I wonder though if i did it by weight if youd always get zero rotational torque.
Or should I do it by angle, since the angle of rotation is θ. Id make a triangle halfway between the connections of the springs to the body to one connection of the spring to the body. The angle is θ, adjacent is half the distance between the connections of the springs to the body and the opposite is the spring compression from rotation. But the spring compression from rotation only isn't enough to equal gravity anymore because of the rotation of the springs. There needs to be some extra force and I am not sure if its distributed evenly or by percent of weight on each wheel or possibly another way.
Im also wondering because the wheels and body are both now angled, would the spring compressions and because of that the distance from the suspension to the bottom of the wheel for the two springs always be the same with that angle and mass? I would think so
Also has the roll center moved since the wheels and whole suspension is included now? Is it still halfway between the connections for the springs to the body or it it somewhere else mabey on the ground under the center of mass when level?
Can someone give me some ideas or comments on these ways of doing it?
 
  • #34
I saw that the rotation center of a car front to back is the pitch center. Make the first two triangles at level and then rotate it angle θ. Make a triangle from the pitch center to to connection between the body and the front spring. The height is so the height of the bottom of the body when level opposite is d1 the distance from the center of the body to the connection to the front spring. Get the angle at the pitch center a and the hypotnuse p1 the distance from the pitch center to the connection of the spring to the body. Make a triangle from the pitch center. The hypotnuse is p1 and the angle at the pitch center is a + θ. The adjacent is l4 the moment arm for the front spring force in the x direction and opposite is l1 the moment arm for the front spring force in the y. Make another triangle from the pitch center to the connection of the back spring to the body. The adjacent is so and the opposite is d1. Get the angle at the pitch center a and the hypotnuse p2 the distance from the pitch center to the connection of the back spring to the body. Make a triangle from the pitch center. The angle at the pitch center is a - θ and the adjacent is l2 the moment arm of the back spring force in the y and opposite is l5 the moment arm of the back spring force in the x. Make a triangle from where the front spring connects to the body down. Angle is θ and adjacent is l4. Get the hypotnuse sf the length of the front suspension to the bottom of the wheel now. Make a triangle from the connection of the back spring to the body down. The angle is θ and adjacent is l5. Get the hypotnuse sb the length of the back suspension to the bottom of the wheel now. Do so - sf = xfd difference in spring compression for front spring from level. Do xfd + xo = xf total front spring compression. xo is original spring compression at level. Do so - sb = xbd difference in spring compression for back spring from level. Do xbd + xo = xb total back spring compression. Do xf * k = ff front spring force. k is spring constant. Do xb * k = fb back spring force. Make a triangle. Angle is θ and hypotnuse is ff. Get adjacent is ffy front spring force in the y direction and opposite is ffx front spring force in the x. Make a triangle. Angle is θ and hypotnuse is fb. Get adjacent fby back spring force in the y and opposite fbx back spring force in the x. Do ( ffy * 2 ) × l1 = τfy front spring force in the y and ( fby * 2 ) × l2 = τby back spring torque in the y and ( ffx * 2 ) × l4 = τfx front spring torque in the x and ( fbx * 2 ) × l5 = τbx back spring torque in the x.
Make a triangle from the pitch center to the center of gravity. Angle is θ and hypotnuse is h the height of the center of gravity above the pitch center at level. Get the opposite l3 moment arm of gravity. Do fg = mg force of gravity. Do fg × l3 = τg torque from gravity.
Do τfy - τby - τfx - τbx = τs spring torque. Do τs - τg = τ overall torque
I tried it out a few times and if everythings good here with the right set up it has a place where gravity is stronger than the springs decreasing and then the springs are stronger than gravity increasing and it can get stuck there. I think the spring force increases because of the front wheel moving farther under the body. The set up is a small distance between the wheels and a high center of gravity compared to it.
Can someone confirm this is correct/the correct process?
 
  • #35
Thanks to everyone who helped out, esp. haruspex
 

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