Undergrad Modular Forms-Fundamental Domain

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SUMMARY

The fundamental domain in modular forms is not unique; any image of one fundamental domain by an element of the modular group constitutes another fundamental domain. The cusps, defined as points along the X-axis, represent the intersections of curves within the context of modular forms. The standard choice for a fundamental domain is the infinite shaded polygon due to its symmetry, but other infinite and bounded domains exist as images transformed by group elements, such as the transformation z → -1/z.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of modular forms and their properties
  • Familiarity with the modular group and its transformations
  • Basic knowledge of complex analysis and cusps
  • Experience with visualizing geometric representations in mathematics
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of the modular group and its transformations
  • Explore the concept of cusps in more detail, particularly in relation to singularities
  • Learn about different types of fundamental domains in modular forms
  • Investigate the geometric interpretations of modular forms and their applications
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, particularly those specializing in number theory and complex analysis, as well as students and researchers interested in the geometric aspects of modular forms.

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Apologies if this is a stupid question, but is the fundamental domain unique?

And what exactly is the definition of a cusp- a quick google tells me it is 'where two curves meet', so looking at the fundamental domain,I would say ##\omega=\exp^{\frac{2\pi i}{ 3}} ## and ##\omega*## are?

thanks
 
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Here is a link:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cusp_(singularity)

For modular forms, the cusps would be all those points along the X axis.
320px-ModularGroup-FundamentalDomain.svg.png
 

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no it is not unique. any image of one fundamental domain by any element of the modular group is another fundmental domain. in the illustration posted above in post #2, every curvilinear polygon shown is a fundamental domain. the infinite shaded one is the usual choice simply because it is more symmetric, but the other infinite ones on either side of it are also fundamental domains obtained from it by translation. the bounded ones nearer the x - axis look a different shape but that is because they are images of the standard one by group elements that change shape, i.e. elements like z--> -1/z.
 
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