Moment of inertia is a measure of an object's resistance to rotational motion. It is also known as angular mass or rotational inertia.
Moment of inertia is calculated by taking the double integral of the object's mass distribution with respect to the distance from its axis of rotation. The formula is I = ∫∫r² dm, where r is the distance from the axis and dm is a small mass element.
The unit of moment of inertia depends on the system of units being used. In the SI system, the unit of moment of inertia is kgm². In the US customary system, it is ft²lb or lbmft².
The moment of inertia affects an object's rotational motion by determining how difficult it is to change the object's rotation. Objects with a larger moment of inertia will require more torque to produce the same amount of angular acceleration as objects with a smaller moment of inertia.
No, moment of inertia cannot be negative. It is always a positive value since it represents an object's resistance to rotation. A negative value would imply that the object is easier to rotate in one direction compared to the other, which is not possible.