Moment of Inertia Tensor Cylinder.

[binbagsss]

I am computing the $\hat{I}$ - moment of inertia tensor - of a cylinder with height 2h and radius R, about its axis of symmetry at the point of its centre of mass.

I am working in cartesian coordinaes and am not sure where I am going wrong. (I can see the cylindirical coordiates would be the best option here and have computed it correctly in these coordinates, but would like to know where I am going wrong please...)

I have defined the z axis to be in line with the symmetry axis of the cylinder . I am then working in the principal axes s.t non-diagonal elements are 0.

So by symmetry , I can see that Ixx = Iyy.

Computing Izz:

Moment of Inertia tensor formula: $_{vol}$$\int$ dv$\rho$ (r$^{2}$δ$_{\alpha\beta}$-r$_{k,\alpha}$r$_{k,\beta}$)

$\rho$=M/∏$^{2}$2h.
x ranges from R to -R, as does y.
z ranges from h to -h.

So Izz= $_{vol}$$\int$ ( x^2 and y^2) $\rho$ dV
where dV = dx dy dx

This yields: 8R^3M/3∏

So a PI is present, so I can clearly see I have gone wrong. I think this might be due to my ranges .

If someone could point me in the right direction, that would be greatly appeacted :).

 

[SteamKing]

I am computing the $\hat{I}$ - moment of inertia tensor - of a cylinder with height 2h and radius R, about its axis of symmetry at the point of its centre of mass.

I am working in cartesian coordinaes and am not sure where I am going wrong. (I can see the cylindirical coordiates would be the best option here and have computed it correctly in these coordinates, but would like to know where I am going wrong please...)

I have defined the z axis to be in line with the symmetry axis of the cylinder . I am then working in the principal axes s.t non-diagonal elements are 0.

So by symmetry , I can see that Ixx = Iyy.

Computing Izz:

Moment of Inertia tensor formula: $_{vol}$$\int$ dv$\rho$ (r$^{2}$δ$_{\alpha\beta}$-r$_{k,\alpha}$r$_{k,\beta}$)

$\rho$=M/∏$^{2}$2h.
x ranges from R to -R, as does y.
z ranges from h to -h.

So Izz= $_{vol}$$\int$ ( x^2 and y^2) $\rho$ dV
where dV = dx dy dx

This yields: 8R^3M/3∏

So a PI is present, so I can clearly see I have gone wrong. I think this might be due to my ranges .

If someone could point me in the right direction, that would be greatly appeacted :).

I think you are getting tripped up on the notation you are using.

Izz = $\int_{vol}ρ(x^{2} + y^{2}) dV$

Assuming the lengthwise axis of the cylinder is parallel to the z-axis, then re-writing the integral above:

Izz = $\int[\int_{dA}ρ(x^{2} + y^{2})dA] dz$

If the density ρ is constant, then the area integral above is constant w.r.t. z. The area integral also represents the polar moment of inertia of the circular cross-section of the cylinder.

 

[TSny]

Hello bingagsss

$\rho$=M/∏$^{2}$2h.

Surely you mistyped this.

x ranges from R to -R, as does y.

If you let x range from -R to R, then for a given x the range of y will not be -R to R.

z ranges from h to -h

Wouldn't that make the height of the cylinder 2h? (Maybe you're letting h be half the height of the cylinder?)

 

[binbagsss]

Sorry I meant p =M/$\pi$R$^{2}$2h.

Post 1 - it is a cylinder of height 2h

Thanks I think I see - taking a circle cross-section of the cylinder to lie in the xy plane, it has equation: x$^{2}$+y$^{2}$=a$^{2}$.

If I then let x range from R to -R, y must be a function of x , i.e (a$^{2}$-x$^{2}$)^1/2.
You then need to split the integral into two pieces , one where y ranges from +(a$^{2}$-x$^{2}$)^1/2. and the other -(a$^{2}$-x$^{2}$)^1/2(both cases x ranging from R to -R).

So for one of these (+(a$^{2}$-x$^{2}$)^1/2.) this yields:

$^{h}_{-h}$$\int$$^{r}_{-r}$$\int$$^{(a^{2}-x^{2})}_{0}$$\int$ x$^{2}$+y$^{2}$ dydxdz
= $^{h}_{-h}$$\int$$^{r}_{-r}$$\int$x$^{2}$(a$^{2}$-x$^{2}$)$^{1/2}$ + (a$^{2}$-x$^{2}$)$^{3/2}$/3 dx dz Is this correct? (I'm guessing a trig substition would then be needed to solve this?)

 

[SteamKing]

Goodness, you have made your problem more complicated.

Starting with:

Izz = $\int[\int_{A}ρ(x^{2} + y^{2})dA] dz$

Then, if we want to evaluate the inner area integral to determine the polar moment of inertia of the
circular cross section, a change to polar coordinates would make things easier:

x = r cos $\theta$
y = r sin $\theta$

Using these substitutions, evaluating the following integral

$\int_{A}(x^{2} + y^{2}) dA$

is much easier.

 

[TSny]

Sorry I meant p =M/$\pi$R$^{2}$2h.

Post 1 - it is a cylinder of height 2h

OK. (Sorry I missed that.)

Thanks I think I see - taking a circle cross-section of the cylinder to lie in the xy plane, it has equation: x$^{2}$+y$^{2}$=a$^{2}$.

If I then let x range from R to -R, y must be a function of x , i.e (a$^{2}$-x$^{2}$)^1/2.
You then need to split the integral into two pieces , one where y ranges from +(a$^{2}$-x$^{2}$)^1/2. and the other -(a$^{2}$-x$^{2}$)^1/2(both cases x ranging from R to -R).

You don't need to split it up into two separate integrations over y, but it's ok if you do. By symmetry, each of the separate integrations will be equal.

So for one of these (+(a$^{2}$-x$^{2}$)^1/2.) this yields:

$^{h}_{-h}$$\int$$^{r}_{-r}$$\int$$^{(a^{2}-x^{2})}_{0}$$\int$ x$^{2}$+y$^{2}$ dydxdz
= $^{h}_{-h}$$\int$$^{r}_{-r}$$\int$x$^{2}$(a$^{2}$-x$^{2}$)$^{1/2}$ + (a$^{2}$-x$^{2}$)$^{3/2}$/3 dx dz


Is this correct? (I'm guessing a trig substition would then be needed to solve this?)

It looks correct to me. Note, your trig substitution is probably going to be equivalent to going over to polar coordinates at this point.

 

[TSny]

Goodness, you have made your problem more complicated.

Starting with:

Izz = $\int[\int_{A}ρ(x^{2} + y^{2})dA] dz$

Then, if we want to evaluate the inner area integral to determine the polar moment of inertia of the
circular cross section, a change to polar coordinates would make things easier:

Right. In the first post binbagsss stated that he had already worked it out in polar coordinates but that he wanted to also do it in Cartesian coordinates as an exercise.