How Are Monotone Sequence Conditions and Least Upper Bound Property Equivalent?

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The discussion explores the equivalence between the monotone sequence condition and the least upper bound property in real analysis. It emphasizes the need to demonstrate how a bounded set can be derived from a monotone sequence and vice versa. Participants suggest that starting from the monotone sequence condition allows for the construction of useful sequences from upper bounds. Additionally, the least upper bound property is examined in the context of transforming a monotone sequence into a bounded set. The conversation highlights the interdependence of these two fundamental concepts in understanding real numbers.
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Prove that the monotone sequence condition is equivalent to the least upper bound theory.

I can't seem to get around how to prove that the two are equivalent. (it seems trivial).
 
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Suppose you start from the monotone sequence condition. Given a bounded set, can you somehow use its upper bounds in some sort of useful sequence? Think of how the monotone sequence condition could apply here.

On the other hand, suppose we have the least upper bound property. Given a monotone sequence (say, a non-decreasing one) that's bounded above, is there a natural way we can transform this sequence into a bounded set? What relation could such a set's upper bound have to our sequence?
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

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