Newton's bucket experiment

[Dale]

If you reject Mach's principle, then what do you think is the origin of inertial mass?

What scientific evidence is there that Mach's principle answers that question?

Btw, I would say that mass comes from energy and momentum by $m^2 c^2 = E^2/c^2-p^2$. And then energy and momentum in turn come from the spacetime translation symmetry of the laws of physics by Noether's theorem. All of which are clear mathematical statements relating physical quantities in this universe, rather than vague handwaving claims "supported" only by musings about other universes.

 

[Herman Trivilino]

If you reject Mach's principle, then what do you think is the origin of inertial mass?

It's a property assigned by humans, measured by humans using precise operational definitions defined by humans.

It originated as way to make the exchange of goods more fair.

Maybe there's some deeper mechanism that gives rise to this property?