Normal force for a lever model

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the normal force in a lever model placed on a tabletop, specifically addressing the conditions for static equilibrium and the implications of torque in the system. Participants explore the assumptions regarding the normal force and its role in the torque equations related to the lever's configuration.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant proposes a model where the lever has one arm horizontal on the table and the other raised at an angle, questioning the conditions under which the normal force can be considered negligible while maintaining static equilibrium.
  • Another participant asks for clarification on whether the normal force is the reaction force from the table acting on the lever arm.
  • A participant confirms that the normal force opposes the weight of the horizontal lever arm when it is not balanced by the raised arm.
  • One participant suggests that when the system is balancing on its corner, the normal force can be ignored as it exerts no torque through the fulcrum.
  • Another participant expresses a willingness to assume that the normal force acts through the fulcrum even when the horizontal arm is on the table, indicating a preference for simplifying the equation despite potential contradictions.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the treatment of the normal force, with some suggesting it can be ignored under certain conditions while others emphasize its significance in the torque calculations. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the assumptions about the normal force and its impact on the equilibrium of the lever system.

Contextual Notes

Participants acknowledge the complexity of the lever's geometry and its dependence on loading conditions, which may affect the assumptions made about the normal force and torque calculations.

anothersnail
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My model is a lever on a table top. One arm is horizontal on the table, while the other arm is raised at an angle alpha. I'm assuming the weight of the horizontal lever (F) acts at its center of gravity at a distance f from the pivot, while the weight of the raised lever (W) acts at its center of gravity at a distance s from the pivot. Finally, the normal force is N. At static equilibrium the torque equation would be:

f x F - N = s x W x Cos α

To simplify the equation, I need to eliminate the normal force.
Can I assume that the torque of the raised lever (s x W x Cos α) is such that it ever so slightly exceeds the term (f x F), so that N is approximately zero yet the system still remains at static equilibrium? I realize this is a contradiction of terms, but I can't think of another way to assume N=0.

Any suggestions will be appreciated.

Stan
 
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Is N the reaction of the table on the lever arm?
 
Yes, N is the force of the table opposing that of the weight of the resting lever arm when the latter is not balanced by the raised arm.
 
When the system is just balancing on its "corner", N acts thru the fulcrum so exerts no torque and can be ignored.
When the horizontal arm is resting firmly on the table, N acts thru the CG of the complete system (including both arms). So calculate the location of this point and then take moments about it.
You have here a machine whose geometry changes depending on loading.
 
I suppose I can assume that N acts thru the fulcrum even when the horizontal arm is on the table & therefore, ignore it. Otherwise the equation becomes useless for my purpose.
 

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