Overcoming the Coulomb Barrier: Energy Requirements

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the energy requirements for particles to overcome the Coulomb Barrier, particularly in the context of nuclear fusion. Participants explore the energy levels and temperatures needed for this process, referencing both classical and quantum mechanical perspectives.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants inquire about the specific energy or temperature required to overcome the Coulomb Barrier.
  • References are made to external sources suggesting that approximately 3-10 keV of energy is needed to overcome the barrier.
  • One participant argues that this energy is insufficient compared to classical predictions and discusses the role of quantum mechanics in tunneling through the barrier.
  • It is noted that the probability of proton-proton fusion is low, even in high-density environments like the sun's core, while deuterium-tritium fusion has a higher probability at energies between 15 to 100 keV.
  • A participant mentions a patent application that proposes a method to reduce or eliminate the Coulomb Barrier, suggesting an innovative approach to nuclear fusion.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the energy levels required to overcome the Coulomb Barrier, with some citing specific keV values while others emphasize the complexity of the problem and the role of quantum mechanics. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the exact energy requirements and the implications of the proposed patent.

Contextual Notes

There are limitations in the discussion regarding the assumptions made about classical versus quantum mechanical treatments of the Coulomb Barrier, as well as the specific conditions under which fusion probabilities are calculated.

cassioiks
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How much energy particles must have in order to overcome the Coulomb Barrier?
Or the correct way to ask this is how much temperature is required for this?
 
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cassioiks said:
Found this one too: http://burro.cwru.edu/Academics/Astr221/StarPhys/coulomb.html

Just 3-10 keV of energy to overcome it.
Well that is not anywhere close to the energy required to overcome the classical physics coulomb barrier. Quantum mechanics nonetheless predicts the two particles have a chance of tunneling through the coulomb barrier. In the case of proton-proton fusion the chance is comparatively low, so that even the in the great densities found in the sun's core the chance of fusion for a given particle amounts to once in some millions of years. The isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium (D) and tritium (T), have a much greater chance of fusing for a given energy. The maximum chance for D-T fusion occurs from ~15 to 100 keV. I believe the European magnetic confinement fusion reactor ITER is intended to around 10-15 keV using D-T.

[URL]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Fusion_rxnrate.svg[/URL]
 
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fusor inventor

The question of the Coulomb Barrier could also be addresses as how can one eliminate the electric field setup between the two nuclei approaching each other? This question is addressed in a new patent application published on USPTO patent applications website. Just search Coulomb Barrier and nuclear fusion. The title of the invention is: “apparatus and process for penetration of the Coulomb Barrier”. This invention teaches how the height of the Coulomb Barrier could be reduced and then eliminated.
 
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