Potential energy in center of mass frame.

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the total energy of a two-body system, specifically two planets orbiting each other, in the center of mass (CM) frame. The kinetic energy in the CM frame is the sum of the kinetic energies relative to the CM. Potential energy, however, is defined by the relative positions of the two bodies and remains unchanged regardless of the chosen reference frame, including the CM frame. The potential energy does not depend on the velocities of the objects, and the choice of the CM as the origin does not affect the reference point for zero potential energy.

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  • Understanding of two-body systems in classical mechanics
  • Familiarity with kinetic and potential energy concepts
  • Knowledge of center of mass calculations
  • Basic grasp of vector mathematics in physics
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Students and educators in physics, particularly those studying classical mechanics, as well as researchers interested in orbital dynamics and energy calculations in multi-body systems.

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Homework Statement


I am trying to find the total energy of a twobody system (two planets orbiting each other) in the center of mass frame. And I was so wondering how to think about this problem.. I know that the kinetic energy in the center of mass is just the sum of the kinetic energies relative tot CM.. But how is this regarding potential energy?

Potential energy is an energy associated with two bodies relative position with each other, not the CM... and the potential energy of one body relative to another one has to be the same as the one relative to the other. But I'm only used to calculate the potential energy of body A relative to body B. A transformation into CM, means that I suddenly don't have a relative position on either of the bodies. I am a bit confused by this.

How do I think about this and what positionvector r should i use in the potential energy formula?
 
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Does potential energy depend on the velocity of either object?
Does your choice of CM as the origin affect the reference point where the potential energy is zero?

If the answer to both these questions is "No", then the potential energy in the CM frame is the same as in some other frame.
 

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