Pressure in piezometers with ideal fluid

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the application of Bernoulli's equation to piezometric measurements in ideal fluids, specifically comparing the behavior of inviscid (zero viscosity) and viscous fluids in horizontal pipes. Participants explore the implications of fluid viscosity on pressure measurements in piezometers and the resulting fluid heights.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants assert that for an inviscid fluid, the pressure at the exit of the tank equals atmospheric pressure, leading to zero height in piezometers.
  • Others argue that in the case of a viscous fluid, there is a pressure drop along the pipe, resulting in nonzero heights in piezometers due to the pressure gradient.
  • A participant questions why the pressure at various points along the pipe does not remain equal to the pressure at the tank exit, suggesting a misunderstanding of pressure distribution in inviscid flow.
  • Some participants clarify that the pressure at the exit hole is atmospheric, while the pressure within the pipe can be higher due to flow acceleration near the exit.
  • There is a discussion about the conditions under which fluid heights in piezometers would be zero or nonzero, depending on whether the fluid is inviscid or viscous.
  • A participant expresses confusion regarding gauge pressures in different cases and seeks clarification on how pressure varies in non-constant cross-section pipes.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the behavior of inviscid fluids leading to zero height in piezometers, but there is disagreement on the implications of viscosity and how it affects pressure measurements and fluid heights in piezometers. The discussion remains unresolved regarding certain specific cases and interpretations of pressure behavior.

Contextual Notes

Participants note that assumptions about fluid behavior, such as inviscid versus viscous flow, significantly impact the pressure distribution and resulting fluid heights in piezometers. There are unresolved questions about the conditions under which gauge pressures are measured and how they relate to hydrostatic pressures.

  • #31
fog37 said:
1) I see how a fluid at rest and a fluid in steady motion are different situations. I guess I am wondering if the isotropic pressure, at the same spatial point in the liquid, would be higher if the fluid was at rest (not a stagnation point). How different would the pressure experienced by the liquid parcels be?
Do you have a specific physical problem in mind that we can focus on (involving actual equipment and hardware)?
2) Ok, but if you take the equation in your post #29 (where ##v=0##, which implies a fluid at reset) and move the term ##\rho g z## on the righthand side, we get the equation $$P=const. - \rho g z$$, which is what I have in my post #26 (different from the correct expression for hydrostatic pressure)...
That's not what you have in post #26. You have an h instead of a z. h is measured downwards and z is measured upwards. Do you not see the difference? If the datum for both elevation and depth is taken at the upper (free) surface of the fluid, then ##h=-z## and ##p=-\rho g z = \rho g h##
 

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