Probability Density or Expectation Value?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the interpretation of the wave function Ψ(r,t) in quantum mechanics, specifically regarding the probability density and expectation value. The expression ||² is confirmed as the correct representation of the probability distribution for one-particle detection at a point r. In contrast, the expression |<Ψ|Ψ>|² is incorrect for this context, as it pertains to the normalization of the wave function rather than the probability density. The resolution of the identity for continuous eigenstates is referenced as a foundational concept for this derivation, particularly citing Cohen-Tannoudji's work.

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  • Understanding of quantum mechanics principles, particularly wave functions.
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  • Knowledge of probability density functions in quantum mechanics.
  • Basic grasp of normalization conditions for wave functions.
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  • Study the resolution of the identity for continuous eigenstates in quantum mechanics.
  • Read Cohen-Tannoudji's "Quantum Mechanics" for detailed derivations related to wave functions.
  • Explore the concept of expectation values in quantum mechanics.
  • Investigate the mathematical formulation of probability densities in quantum systems.
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Students and professionals in quantum mechanics, physicists analyzing wave functions, and anyone seeking to deepen their understanding of probability distributions in quantum systems.

LarryS
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In a paper in Physical Review A, the author discusses a wave function for one particle, Ψ(r,t), where r is the position vector.

He writes "The probability distribution for one-particle detection at a point r is given by

|<r|Ψ >|2 ".

Is that correct? The above expression looks, to me, more like the expectation value for r.

Shouldn't the probability distribution be |<Ψ|Ψ >|2?

Thanks in advance.
 
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referframe said:
In a paper in Physical Review A, the author discusses a wave function for one particle, Ψ(r,t), where r is the position vector.

He writes "The probability distribution for one-particle detection at a point r is given by

|<r|Ψ >|2 ".

Is that correct? The above expression looks, to me, more like the expectation value for r.

Shouldn't the probability distribution be |<Ψ|Ψ >|2?

Thanks in advance.


No, that is correct. The position representation of the wavefunction is given by <r|Ψ > ... you can derive this from the resolution of the identity for the continuous distribution of eigenstates ... see the first chapter (I think) of Cohen-Tannoudji for a detailed derivation. Since <r|Ψ > is the wavefunction, then of course |<r|Ψ >|2 is the probability density.

For a normalized wavefunction, <Ψ|Ψ >=1, so that certainly isn't correct.
 

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