Probability Density or Expectation Value?

In summary, the conversation discusses the position representation of a wave function for one particle, Ψ(r,t), and the correct expression for the probability distribution for one-particle detection at a point r. The author clarifies that the expression |<r|Ψ >|2 is indeed the correct probability distribution, derived from the resolution of identity for continuous distribution of eigenstates. They also point out the incorrectness of the expression |<Ψ|Ψ >|2, which should equal 1 for a normalized wavefunction.
  • #1
LarryS
Gold Member
345
33
In a paper in Physical Review A, the author discusses a wave function for one particle, Ψ(r,t), where r is the position vector.

He writes "The probability distribution for one-particle detection at a point r is given by

|<r|Ψ >|2 ".

Is that correct? The above expression looks, to me, more like the expectation value for r.

Shouldn't the probability distribution be |<Ψ|Ψ >|2?

Thanks in advance.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
referframe said:
In a paper in Physical Review A, the author discusses a wave function for one particle, Ψ(r,t), where r is the position vector.

He writes "The probability distribution for one-particle detection at a point r is given by

|<r|Ψ >|2 ".

Is that correct? The above expression looks, to me, more like the expectation value for r.

Shouldn't the probability distribution be |<Ψ|Ψ >|2?

Thanks in advance.

No, that is correct. The position representation of the wavefunction is given by <r|Ψ > ... you can derive this from the resolution of the identity for the continuous distribution of eigenstates ... see the first chapter (I think) of Cohen-Tannoudji for a detailed derivation. Since <r|Ψ > is the wavefunction, then of course |<r|Ψ >|2 is the probability density.

For a normalized wavefunction, <Ψ|Ψ >=1, so that certainly isn't correct.
 

1. What is probability density?

Probability density is a concept in probability theory that describes the likelihood of a continuous random variable taking on a specific value. It is represented by a curve on a graph, with the area under the curve representing the probability of the variable falling within a certain range of values.

2. How is probability density calculated?

Probability density is calculated by taking the derivative of the cumulative distribution function for a continuous random variable. This function represents the probability that the variable is less than or equal to a given value. The derivative gives the rate of change of this probability function, which is the probability density.

3. What is the difference between probability density and probability distribution?

Probability density and probability distribution are related concepts, but they have different interpretations. Probability density is a function that describes the likelihood of a continuous random variable taking on a specific value, while probability distribution is a function that describes the likelihood of a discrete random variable taking on a specific value. In other words, probability density is used for continuous variables, and probability distribution is used for discrete variables.

4. What is expectation value?

Expectation value is a concept in probability theory that represents the average value of a random variable. It is calculated by taking the sum of all possible values of the variable, weighted by their respective probabilities. The expectation value is often used to make predictions about the behavior of a random variable.

5. How is expectation value related to probability density?

The expectation value of a random variable is closely related to its probability density. In fact, the probability density can be thought of as a weighting function for calculating the expectation value. The higher the probability density for a particular value, the more it contributes to the overall expectation value. This relationship is crucial for understanding the behavior of continuous random variables in probability theory.

Similar threads

Replies
1
Views
686
  • Quantum Physics
Replies
6
Views
4K
  • Quantum Physics
Replies
3
Views
1K
  • Quantum Physics
Replies
13
Views
2K
Replies
8
Views
1K
  • Quantum Physics
Replies
1
Views
794
  • Quantum Physics
Replies
9
Views
2K
Replies
7
Views
2K
Replies
9
Views
2K
Replies
9
Views
1K
Back
Top