Question about orbital and spin magnetic dipole

In summary, the interaction between orbital and spin dipole moments plays a significant role in determining the magnetic properties of diamagnetic and paramagnetic substances. In diamagnetic materials, the spin and orbital dipole moments cancel each other out, resulting in no overall magnetic behavior. In paramagnetic materials, the two dipole moments do not cancel, leading to a net magnetic moment. This difference in behavior is due to the orientation of the dipole moments relative to the applied magnetic field.
  • #1

SR_0301

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Hello guys, i want to ask you a question about orbital and spin dipole, and how this is going to influence diamagnetic or paramagnetic substances. So my question is: we know in a atom there is orbital and spin motion by electrons so possibly two magnetic dipoles. Is it correct to say that in diamagnetic substances, the spin dipole is equal and opposite to the orbital dipole, so when we provide a magnetic field we get induced magnetic dipole opposite to that magnetic field. And is it also correct to say that this is not going to show up in a paramegnetic substance because here spin dipole + orbital dipole is different from zero?
 
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  • #3
SR_0301 said:
Hello guys, i want to ask you a question about orbital and spin dipole, and how this is going to influence diamagnetic or paramagnetic substances. So my question is: we know in a atom there is orbital and spin motion by electrons so possibly two magnetic dipoles. Is it correct to say that in diamagnetic substances, the spin dipole is equal and opposite to the orbital dipole, so when we provide a magnetic field we get induced magnetic dipole opposite to that magnetic field. And is it also correct to say that this is not going to show up in a paramegnetic substance because here spin dipole + orbital dipole is different from zero?
Magnetism in diamagnetic materials is dominated by the intrinsic magnetic momentum of the electron spin.
A B field acting on this magnetic moment rotates it in the direction of B, so that mu is greater then one.
Magnetism in a paramagnetic material is caused by the field acting on the magnetic moment of the electron's orbital path. By Lenz's law, this rotates the dipole moment away from the direction of the B field, so that mu is less then one.
 

1. What is an orbital and spin magnetic dipole?

An orbital magnetic dipole refers to the magnetic moment created by the movement of charged particles, such as electrons, in an atom or molecule. This movement generates a circulating current, which in turn creates a magnetic field. A spin magnetic dipole, on the other hand, is the intrinsic magnetic moment associated with the spin of a particle, such as an electron.

2. How are orbital and spin magnetic dipoles related?

Both orbital and spin magnetic dipoles contribute to the overall magnetic moment of an atom or molecule. The total magnetic moment is the sum of these two components, and their combined effect determines the magnetic properties of the material.

3. What is the significance of orbital and spin magnetic dipoles?

Orbital and spin magnetic dipoles play a crucial role in various physical phenomena, such as the behavior of materials in magnetic fields, the formation of chemical bonds, and the functioning of electronic devices. Understanding these dipoles is essential for many areas of science, including physics, chemistry, and materials science.

4. How do orbital and spin magnetic dipoles affect the behavior of electrons?

The magnetic moment of an electron caused by its orbital motion and spin determines its behavior in a magnetic field. This can include the direction and strength of the electron's movement, as well as its interactions with other particles. These dipoles also influence the energy levels and electronic structure of atoms and molecules.

5. Can the orbital and spin magnetic dipoles be manipulated?

Yes, the magnetic moments of particles can be altered by external magnetic fields or through interactions with other particles. In some cases, scientists can also manipulate these dipoles using advanced techniques such as spintronics, which utilizes the spin of electrons for information processing and storage.

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