Question about the derivation of linear magnification

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around the derivation of linear magnification in optics, specifically related to the application of Snell's law and the relationships between angles and heights of objects and images.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants are exploring the relationships defined by the tangent of angles in the context of object and image heights, questioning the absence of these heights in the provided diagram. There is a focus on understanding how these relationships are derived and their connection to the refraction formula.

Discussion Status

Multiple participants express confusion regarding the definitions of the heights of the object and image in relation to the angles. Some have requested revised diagrams for clarity, while others have found relevant diagrams but still seek to understand the connections between the derivations presented.

Contextual Notes

There is mention of a diagram used by the lecturer to derive the refraction formula, which participants believe may also relate to the magnification formula. However, the exact connections and the necessary diagrams are still unclear to some participants.

Baal Hadad
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Homework Statement
Given the diagram below, I would like to derive the expression for linear magnification:
Relevant Equations
$$m=\mod{\frac{n_1v }{n_2u}}$$
I tried assumed ##\theta \approx sin \theta \approx tan \theta##.
By Snell's law(after approximation),
$$n_1 \tan( i_1)= n_2 \tan( i_2)$$
If ##\tan (i_1)=\frac {h_o}{ u}## and ##\tan (i_2)=\frac {h_i}{ v}##,then
$$m=\frac {h_i}{h_o}=\mod{\frac {v n_1}{un_2}}$$
Which is the expected expression.
I don't consider orientation of image here.
The point that I confused is why##\tan (i_1)=\frac {h_o}{ u}## and ##\tan (i_2)=\frac {h_i}{ u}##.
I even can't find the height of image and object from this diagram,and how the height is related with the angle ##i_1## and ##i_2##.
Can anyone help me?
Thanks in advance.
 

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Baal Hadad said:
The point that I confused is why##\tan (i_1)=\frac {h_o}{ u}## and ##\tan (i_2)=\frac {h_i}{ u}##.
I am confused about the same point. I see neither ##h_o## nor ##h_i## in the figure. Can you post a revised figure? If you do, please make sure that it's at the appropriate orientation.
 
kuruman said:
I am confused about the same point. I see neither ##h_o## nor ##h_i## in the figure. Can you post a revised figure? If you do, please make sure that it's at the appropriate orientation.
Here is the situation:
The diagram above is used to derive the refraction formula by my lecturer.After deriving,he directly introduce (without new diagrams ) when ##r=infinity## the right hand term becomes zero and then below the magnification formula.Do these two are related?
Anyway,so I assume the magnification formula is derived from the same diagram as no new diagram is given.
For now,I only found that Pedrotti has the relevant topics but still the diagram is as below attached.But still don't have the image height and object height.
Sorry that I can't find relevant diagrams (or I don't understand which diagram can be used).
 

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Baal Hadad said:
The point that I confused is why##\tan (i_1)=\frac {h_o}{ u}## and ##\tan (i_2)=\frac {h_i}{ u}##.
Oh,and sorry for typos.It should be ##\tan (i_2)=\frac {h_i}{ v}##.

Well,I found the relevant diagram just next page of the posted page of Pedrotti,sorry for bringing everyone much trouble.
Thank you.
 

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