Questions About Atoms: Protons & Neutrons

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the determination of atomic structure, specifically the number of protons and neutrons in isotopes of elements such as iron and oxygen. It highlights that the common isotope of iron has 26 protons and 30 neutrons, while oxygen has 8 protons and 8 neutrons, which is the most stable isotope. The method of mass spectroscopy is identified as a key tool for measuring the charge-to-mass ratio, enabling the identification of isotopic quantities and stability.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of atomic structure and isotopes
  • Familiarity with mass spectroscopy techniques
  • Knowledge of nuclear physics principles
  • Basic chemistry concepts related to elements and their properties
NEXT STEPS
  • Research mass spectroscopy methods and their applications in isotope analysis
  • Study the principles of nuclear stability and isotopic abundance
  • Explore the periodic table and the significance of protons and neutrons in element classification
  • Learn about advanced techniques in nuclear physics for determining atomic structures
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Students and professionals in chemistry, physics, and materials science, particularly those interested in atomic structure, isotopes, and analytical techniques in nuclear research.

fluidistic
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How did we know that the more common isotope of iron has 26 protons and 30 neutrons?
I'm asking a general question so the iron example is just a special case.
How did we know that oxygen has 8 protons? (and 8 neutrons), and also that the 8 neutrons is the most stable isotope and that there exists other isotopes in smaller quantities. How did we determine the quantities of the isotopes?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
mass spectroscopy = charge vs. mass
 
Thanks a lot. I wasn't aware of this.
 

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