Questions on the different types of heat transfer

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Radiation is a type of heat transfer that occurs without direct contact or the movement of a medium, as seen when the sun heats the Earth. Unlike conduction, which involves direct contact, and convection, which relies on fluid movement, radiation transfers energy through electromagnetic waves. Common examples of radiation include the warmth felt from sunlight and heat emitted from a fire. The discussion highlights the need for clear definitions and practical examples to better understand these concepts. Overall, understanding radiation is essential for grasping the complete picture of heat transfer mechanisms.
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Homework Statement


Radiation is a type of heat transfer but I don't understand how it works. I know that conduction is direct contact and convection uses mass transfer to move heat but what does radiation do. My teacher never gave clear examples so some examples of how applies to heat transfer would be great.

2. The attempt at a solution
Examples of conduction are: pan on stove ---> handle gets hot over time
Examples of convection are: air, water
Examples of radiation:?

More examples on convection would also be helpful :)
 
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When the sun rises tomorrow, go outside and see what you feel.
 
So does that mean that the sun is transferring heat in the form of radiation? Is there an exact definition or are examples the best way to describe it?
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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