Raoult's law, Henry's Law, relative volatility

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SUMMARY

Raoult's law and Henry's law describe the behavior of vapor pressures in solutions, with Raoult's law expressed as P = xP* and Henry's law as P = kx. When temperature and pressure are constant, both laws are linear and can be combined with Dalton's law. However, the discussion raises questions about the equivalence of these laws under varying temperatures and whether Henry's law serves as a generalized form of Raoult's law, particularly when k equals P*. The limitations of these laws are highlighted, especially regarding the relative volatility equation, which applies only when the vapor pressures of components remain unchanged with temperature.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Raoult's law and its mathematical formulation
  • Familiarity with Henry's law and its application in vapor pressure calculations
  • Knowledge of Dalton's law of partial pressures
  • Concept of relative volatility in chemical thermodynamics
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the implications of temperature variations on Raoult's and Henry's laws
  • Explore the concept of vapor pressure and its dependence on temperature
  • Investigate the conditions under which relative volatility is applicable
  • Study the relationship between heats of vaporization and vapor pressure behavior
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Chemists, chemical engineers, and students studying thermodynamics who seek to understand the principles governing vapor pressures and their applications in various chemical processes.

goggles31
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Raoult's law: P = xP* , combined with Dalton's law becomes y = xP*/P
Henry's law: P = kx, combined with Dalton's law becomes y = kx/P
Relative volatility: y = ax/(1 + (a -1)x)

Raoult's law and Henry's law are linear when temperature and pressure are kept constant. But if we vary the temperature while keeping pressure constant, are all three equations equivalent? Is Henry's law a more generalized version of Raoult's law where k = P* ?
 
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goggles31 said:
Is Henry's law a more generalized version of Raoult's law

At the first this is true, at least mathematically it is clear ... but chemically speaking when this is true ?
 
In addition to Ssnow's request regarding the limitations of Raoult's and Henry's law, the relative volatility equation you presented only applies if the ratio of the vapor pressures of the two components does not change with temperature (i.e., essentially identical heats of vaporization).
 
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