Really n00bish beginners' question about motion

  • Context: High School 
  • Thread starter Thread starter FeynmanMH42
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Beginners Motion
Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the concept of forces in motion, specifically addressing the question of how net forces can exist when every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Participants explore the implications of Newton's third law in the context of mechanics, examining scenarios such as walking and the interaction between a bullet and a gun.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions how net forces can exist if every action has an equal and opposite reaction, suggesting that this would imply no net force and thus no acceleration.
  • Another participant clarifies that the reaction force acts on a different object, which is a key point in understanding the dynamics of forces.
  • A participant provides an example of walking, stating that while a person exerts a force on the sidewalk, the sidewalk exerts a force back, highlighting the interaction between two bodies.
  • Another participant reiterates that action and reaction forces act on different bodies, using the example of a bullet and a gun to illustrate that both experience forces in opposite directions but with different effects due to their masses.
  • One participant suggests that the original poster's question about net force is valid when considering the whole system, indicating that there may be no net force when both the bullet and gun are considered together.
  • Another participant agrees that when considering the whole system, momentum is conserved, implying that the net force is zero in that context.
  • Further clarification is provided that if the net force on all parts of a system is zero, the center of mass remains at rest or continues moving uniformly, relating this to Newton's First Law.
  • Another participant emphasizes that when discussing net force, one typically considers a single body, but acknowledges that the net result may be zero when both bodies are considered together.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the principle that action and reaction forces act on different bodies, but there is some debate regarding the implications for net forces and system dynamics. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the initial question about net forces and acceleration.

Contextual Notes

Participants reference Newton's laws and the conservation of momentum, but the discussion does not resolve the complexities surrounding the definitions of net force and system boundaries.

FeynmanMH42
Messages
69
Reaction score
0
If for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction, then how come net forces exist?
Surely when a force is exerted on an object, an equal force must push back (reaction) in the opposite direction, therefore balancing the forces, creating no net force and thus no acceleration?
How do things move at all?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Because the reaction force acts on a different object.
 
When walking, you exert a force on the sidewalk. In turn, the sidewalk exerts a force on you. The sidewalk doesn't pull and push you at the same time.
 
I shall just echo the above posts:

While every force does have an equal an opposite reaction force, these forces act on two different bodies.

Think of a bullet leaving a gun: they both experience the same force in opposite directions; the much larger mass of the gun + dude with gun compared to the mass of the bullet means that the bullet flies off, but the gun recoils a bit (well not as much anyway).
 
Ahh, the whole topic of mechanics makes sense now. :p
 
So, arguably, I suppose the OP is right when he questions the "net force". If he looks at the whole system - the bullet and gun, there is no net force. It is only if you look at a part of the system - just the nasty part of the bullet-gun combo - that you see a net force.
 
DaveC426913 said:
If he looks at the whole system - the bullet and gun, there is no net force.

Indeed. That's why momentum is conserved, when the whole system is considered.
 
Or to put it another way, if the net force on all parts of the system is zero, the center of mass of the system remains at rest, or continues moving in a straight line at constant speed. That is, the center of mass of the system obeys Newton's First Law, in this situation.
 
well the reaction and action force act on two different bodies .when you are talking about net force you are only considering one body , but yes if you consider both bodies together the net result might be zero
 

Similar threads

Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 20 ·
Replies
20
Views
3K
  • · Replies 14 ·
Replies
14
Views
2K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
3K
  • · Replies 19 ·
Replies
19
Views
2K
  • · Replies 49 ·
2
Replies
49
Views
5K
  • · Replies 33 ·
2
Replies
33
Views
4K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
1K
  • · Replies 11 ·
Replies
11
Views
2K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
3K