Relating gravity to time through black holes and Gravitational time dialation?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the relationship between gravity and time, specifically through the lens of gravitational time dilation and velocity-based time dilation. Participants analyze the effects of altitude and speed on time perception, referencing the Concorde experiment and GPS satellite calibration. It is established that gravitational time dilation, as described by General Relativity, significantly influences time differences, especially in high gravitational fields, while velocity-based time dilation contributes minimally at typical speeds. The conversation also touches on the implications of extreme gravitational forces, such as those found near black holes.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of General Relativity and its principles
  • Familiarity with the concept of gravitational time dilation
  • Knowledge of velocity-based time dilation as per Special Relativity
  • Basic comprehension of GPS satellite functionality and calibration
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the effects of gravitational time dilation on GPS satellites
  • Explore the implications of the Concorde experiment on time perception
  • Study the conditions leading to black hole formation and their effects on time
  • Investigate the mathematical calculations for time dilation effects in varying gravitational fields
USEFUL FOR

Physicists, students of relativity, aerospace engineers, and anyone interested in the effects of gravity on time perception and the implications for technology like GPS.

fantagoid
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Right,

it's been a long time since I've done anything physics related, and I've never been an expert to begin with, just a level standard, but was having a bit of a chat with a friend earlier and wanted to see if what we were saying makes any sense atall?

We were having a bit of an argument over altitude and boiling eggs, and weather it's the cooking time, or the boiling of the water that takes longer. i got this cleared up and was saying that (not taking temperature into account) water should boil faster, and in a jokey way that even time would travel slightly faster therfor speeding up the boiling process by an incredibly small amount.

My friend then mentioned that he though it was velocity difference that can cause difference in the perception of time for an observer and we started talking about the famous concord experiment.

so, what i think happened was, 1 atomic clock on the ground, stationary, and another in a concord flying round the world at a higher altitude than the other clock.

what exactly was causing the difference in time here, was it gravititional time dilation due to the concord being further away from the earth, or was it velocity based time dialation, since the concord was traveling at a faster velocity compare to the other clock. or, as we througt, is it a combination of both?

Then we were thinking about GPS satillites, and we know that they would have to be calibrated for small time differences, which form of time dilation would have the most effect on the satillite?

Anyways, then we started thinking about what would happen the closer you got to the center of the earth, would time get slower and slower, and then eventually reach a point where it couldn't slow down anymore? i'd imagine this speed would be related to the gravitational force of the earth/mass, and may even possibly be concidered the "correct" time for earth?

if we then though about the time at the center of jupiter, i'd imagine it to be slower again than our "earth time" and so on as mass and gravitiotinal forces incresed, this must carry on until time slows down sooo much, that it would almost have stopped to the observer.

would at this point we be talking about the occurrence of a black hole? when the object's gravity becomes too much that it collapses?

or is this gravitational based time dilation a lot more subtle than i am imagining, and even comparing very small and incredible large gravitational forces, time doesn't actually chance much?
 
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fantagoid said:
Right,

My friend then mentioned that he though it was velocity difference that can cause difference in the perception of time for an observer and we started talking about the famous concord experiment.

so, what i think happened was, 1 atomic clock on the ground, stationary, and another in a concord flying round the world at a higher altitude than the other clock.

what exactly was causing the difference in time here, was it gravititional time dilation due to the concord being further away from the earth, or was it velocity based time dialation, since the concord was traveling at a faster velocity compare to the other clock. or, as we througt, is it a combination of both?
Special Relativity (velocity-driven dilation) makes a very small contribution at these velocities. It is General Ralativity (gravity-driven dilation) that contributes the lion's share.

http://leapsecond.com/great2005/tour/" of that. In this case, v=0.

fantagoid said:
Then we were thinking about GPS satillites, and we know that they would have to be calibrated for small time differences, which form of time dilation would have the most effect on the satillite?
Still GR, as above.

Knowing the speed of geostat satellites, you can calculate the SR effect for yourself - http://www.1728.com/reltivty.htm" .


fantagoid said:
Anyways, then we started thinking about what would happen the closer you got to the center of the earth, would time get slower and slower, and then eventually reach a point where it couldn't slow down anymore?
Yes but it is still a pretty small effect.


fantagoid said:
if we then though about the time at the center of jupiter, i'd imagine it to be slower again than our "earth time" and so on as mass and gravitiotinal forces incresed, this must carry on until time slows down sooo much, that it would almost have stopped to the observer.

would at this point we be talking about the occurrence of a black hole? when the object's gravity becomes too much that it collapses?

or is this gravitational based time dilation a lot more subtle than i am imagining, and even comparing very small and incredible large gravitational forces, time doesn't actually chance much?
Good question. I am not sure if one can deduce black holes by following this to its logical conclusion.
 
Last edited by a moderator:
the difference in time between atomic clock on the ground atomic clock on the ground was because both gravitational time dilation and velocity based time dilation . and this link is about GR and GPS :-
http://relativity.livingreviews.org/Articles/lrr-2003-1/
 
Last edited by a moderator:

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