Resultant field at the center of two semicircular current arcs

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The magnetic field at the center of two semicircular current arcs can be calculated using the formula B = μ0 i /4r for each arc. For a current of 2A and radii of 1m and 2m, the fields are B1 = μ0/2 and B2 = μ0/4, leading to a resultant field of 3μ0/4 when the arcs are in the same plane and facing each other. However, if they are nested, the fields oppose, resulting in a net field of μ0/4. The correct resultant field in the specified configuration is 16e-7 T, option (c).

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of magnetic fields generated by current-carrying conductors
  • Familiarity with the Biot-Savart Law
  • Knowledge of vector addition of magnetic fields
  • Basic geometry of semicircles and arcs
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the Biot-Savart Law for detailed magnetic field calculations
  • Learn about vector addition in magnetic fields for complex configurations
  • Explore the effects of current direction on magnetic field orientation
  • Investigate the implications of different geometric arrangements of current-carrying loops
USEFUL FOR

Physics students, electrical engineers, and anyone interested in electromagnetism and magnetic field calculations in current-carrying conductors.

tanaygupta2000
Messages
208
Reaction score
14
Homework Statement
A wire carrying a current 2A is bent into the shape of two semi-circles, one with a radius 1m and the other with radius 2m. The two semi-circles are connected at their ends that is along the two radii. The magnetic field at the center of the semi-circles is?
(a) πe-7 T
(b) Cannot be determined from the information provided above
(c) 16e-7 T
(d) 2e-7 T
Relevant Equations
Field at the center of a current loop, B = μ0 i /2r
So the magnetic field induced at the center of a current-carrying loop is given by:
B = μ0 i /2r
where r is the radius of the loop

In the case of a semi-circular loop, this becomes
B = μ0 i /4r

In the question, i = 2A, r1 = 1m and r2 = 2m
So, field induced at the center of first semicircular loop is given by,
B1 = μ0 × 2 /4 × 1 = μ0/2
and
B2 = μ0 × 2 /4 × 2 = μ0/4

Now I'm not getting what the question is asking. If it is asking the resultant field in the case of two semicircular wires connected in the same plane, then we will have,
B = B1 + B2 = 3μ0/4 = 9.42e-1 T

and if it is asking the resultant field in the case of two semicircular wires connected with their planes perpendicular to each other, then we will have
B = sqrt(B1^2 + B2^2) = 14.04e-7 T

But these both options are not available.
Kindly help!
(The correct option is 16e-7 T, i.e., option-(c))
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Can you provide an image because from the description i can't understand completely what is the exact geometry of the setup.
 
I would say that the two semi-circles can be in two shapes (they are likely on the same plane), either forming a C (in this case the point in which you want to evaluate B is outside of the loop) or forming an O (in this case it is inside the loop).

How whould things chance in the two setup (also how would things change considering the current flowing clockwise or anti-clockwise, so 4 setups in total)?
 
You can rule out the orthogonal arrangement since the connecting wires would not be radial.
As @ProxyMelon points out, this still leaves two possibilities: that the two semicircles face each other, so the fields add, or one nests inside the other, so the fields oppose.
If there is a diagram and it shows the nested arrangement, that matches one answer. If there is no diagram then it matches a different one.
 
This is a rough sketch I've drwin according to my partial understanding.
I'm not getting the meaning of "The two semi-circles are connected at their ends that is along the two radii. The magnetic field at the center of the semi-circles is?" line.
 

Attachments

  • IMG_20200706_202058.jpg
    IMG_20200706_202058.jpg
    54 KB · Views: 209
The correct option is 16e-7 T, i.e., option-(c)
 
tanaygupta2000 said:
This is a rough sketch I've drwin according to my partial understanding.
I'm not getting the meaning of "The two semi-circles are connected at their ends that is along the two radii. The magnetic field at the center of the semi-circles is?" line.
That's not how I read it. Your diagrams have arcs, but they are not semicircles.

Draw an arc from 12 o'clock to 6 o'clock. At a different radius with the same centre, draw another arc between those times. Then connect the ends of the arcs with wires radially along the line from 6 to 12.
But there are two possibilities. You can have both arcs on the same same side, or on opposite sides forming a letter C. One of these leads to one of the options.

Edit: whoops, I wrote that backwards. I meant "You can have both arcs on the same same side, forming a letter C, or on opposite sides."
 
Last edited:
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: tanaygupta2000
haruspex said:
That's not how I read it. Your diagrams have arcs, but they are not semicircles.

Draw an arc from 12 o'clock to 6 o'clock. At a different radius with the same centre, draw another arc between those times. Then connect the ends of the arcs with wires radially along the line from 6 to 12.
But there are two possibilities. You can have both arcs on the same same side, or on opposite sides forming a letter C. One of these leads to one of the options.
Yes sir, for arcs on the opposite side, net field due to two semicircles subtract, giving B1-B2 = μ0/4 = πe-7 T (option a)
 
tanaygupta2000 said:
Yes sir, for arcs on the opposite side, net field due to two semicircles subtract, giving B1-B2 = μ0/4 = πe-7 T (option a)
Despite my blunder (see edited post #7) you seem to have figured out what I meant.
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: tanaygupta2000

Similar threads

  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K
Replies
4
Views
1K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
6K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
12K
Replies
3
Views
4K
Replies
8
Views
1K
Replies
8
Views
2K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
2K
Replies
2
Views
1K