Rocket from troposphere - Why not?

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In summary, using helium balloons to carry rockets or payloads to the troposphere before launch is not a widely used method due to the need for a reliable launch system for the massive rockets, and the concept is still theoretical. While it could potentially save some fuel and decrease the overall mass of the rocket, the challenges and limitations outweigh the benefits.
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mrxyz
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Why aren't helium balloons used to carry rockets or payloads to the troposphere which is about 25km above sea level before they are launched?

To reach actual outer space is 100km above sea level. The above will in turn save 25km worth of fuel and the overall mass of the rocket which needs to be pushed would also decrease.

Why isn't this done in launches?
 
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If you want to reach space, you usually want to reach an orbit, which requires a speed of roughly ~8km/s. This is the tricky part - the height is quite "easy" to reach. In terms of the total energy, you can save something like ~1-2%, so you still need a massive rocket. And how do you launch such a massive rocket in a reliable way from a balloon?
This launch would reduce atmospheric drag significantly, but the tricky launch situation and the required gigantic balloon are a big downside.

There is some concept to reach a height of ~20km with a static structure, but it is purely hypothetical.
 
  • #3
mrxyz said:
Why aren't helium balloons used to carry rockets or payloads to the troposphere which is about 25km above sea level before they are launched?

To reach actual outer space is 100km above sea level. The above will in turn save 25km worth of fuel and the overall mass of the rocket which needs to be pushed would also decrease.

Why isn't this done in launches?

This was already discussed in this forum this month:

https://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=658399

If after reading that thread you still have questions, please post in that thread for continuity.
 

FAQ: Rocket from troposphere - Why not?

1. Why can't a rocket launch directly from the troposphere?

The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere, extending from the surface up to about 10-15 kilometers. It contains the majority of the Earth's air and is characterized by strong winds and turbulent conditions. These factors make it difficult for a rocket to launch and maintain stability, as it requires a relatively calm and stable environment.

2. What is the main challenge for a rocket launching from the troposphere?

The main challenge for a rocket launching from the troposphere is the strong winds and turbulent conditions. These can cause the rocket to lose stability and potentially veer off course, which can be dangerous and lead to a failed launch.

3. Can a rocket launch from the troposphere in certain conditions?

Yes, in some cases, a rocket can launch from the troposphere. However, this is only possible with advanced rocket technology and specific launch conditions. For example, some military missiles can launch from the troposphere due to their advanced guidance systems and precise launch timing.

4. What is the advantage of launching a rocket from the troposphere?

The main advantage of launching a rocket from the troposphere is that it requires less fuel compared to launching from the ground. This is because the rocket can take advantage of the Earth's rotation and the thinner air at higher altitudes, reducing drag and making it easier to reach orbital velocity.

5. Why do most rockets launch from the ground?

Most rockets launch from the ground because it is the safest and most practical option. Launching from the ground allows for better control and monitoring, as well as easier access for maintenance and repairs. Additionally, launching from the ground also allows for larger payloads and more flexible launch schedules.

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