Root Loci of Double Integrator: PI & PD Controllers

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on analyzing the root loci of a double integrator system represented by the transfer function G(s) = 1/s², under unit feedback with two types of controllers: a PI-controller C(s) = k_p(1 + 1/s) and a PD-controller C(s) = k_p(1 + 2/3 s). Participants are tasked with sketching the root loci as the proportional gain k_p varies from 0 to +∞, identifying breakaway and break-in points, and determining the values of k_p where the root loci cross the imaginary axis. The discussion emphasizes the importance of understanding the root-locus concept and suggests using "Modern Control Engineering" by Ogata as a resource for procedural guidance.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of root locus analysis in control systems
  • Familiarity with PI and PD controller design
  • Knowledge of transfer functions and feedback systems
  • Basic concepts of stability in control theory
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the root locus method in detail using "Modern Control Engineering" by Ogata
  • Practice sketching root loci for various transfer functions
  • Explore the effects of varying k_p on system stability and response
  • Learn about breakaway and break-in points in root locus analysis
USEFUL FOR

Control engineers, students studying control systems, and anyone involved in designing or analyzing feedback control systems will benefit from this discussion.

Logarythmic
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Homework Statement


For the double integrator described with transfer function

G(s) = \frac{1}{s^2}

the initial condition is zero. The double integrator is subjected to a unit‐feedback system where the controller is chosen as

1) a PI-controller with C(s) = k_p \left( 1 + \frac{1}{s} \right), or

2) a PD-controller with C(s) = k_p \left( 1 + \frac{2}{3} s \right).

Sketch root loci of the closed‐loop systems as k_p varies from 0 to +∞. Give the breakaway and break‐in points, the points where root loci cross the imaginary axis, and the relevant values of k_p at all these points.


Homework Equations


None


The Attempt at a Solution


I really have no idea where to start.
 
Last edited:
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Hi,

I see no particular challenge in the problem specified. Are you familiar with the root-locus concept? I guess you'd better first develop some primary insight on the subject through available resources. Do you have any access to the book "Modern Control Engineering" (Author: Ogata) or any other introductory control engineering book? It gives a procedure to draw root-locus. All you need to do is to apply the procedure to your system.
 

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