Rotational Kinetic Energy Question (Regarding the Earth)

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the kinetic energy of the Earth as it orbits the Sun. The participant initially uses the rotational kinetic energy formula, E rotation = (1/2) * I * w^2, leading to a value of approximately 2.58×10^29 J. However, the correct approach requires calculating the translational kinetic energy, which is significantly larger, around 10^33 J. The key takeaway is that the Earth's translational kinetic energy in its orbit is several orders of magnitude greater than its rotational kinetic energy.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of rotational kinetic energy equations
  • Familiarity with angular velocity calculations
  • Knowledge of moment of inertia for spherical objects
  • Basic concepts of translational versus rotational motion
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the formula for translational kinetic energy, E translational = (1/2) * m * v^2
  • Learn how to calculate the Earth's orbital velocity around the Sun
  • Study the differences between rotational and translational kinetic energy
  • Explore the concept of moment of inertia for various shapes and densities
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Students in physics, educators teaching mechanics, and anyone interested in celestial mechanics and energy calculations related to planetary motion.

zmoose27
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Homework Statement



What is the Kinetic Energy of the Earth Orbiting Around the Sun in Joules?

Homework Equations



E rotation = (1/2)* I * w^2

where I = moment of Inertia
where w = angular velocity

The Attempt at a Solution



Well, this is my predicament: I don't know whether my professor wants me to use the above equation or not, but I don't know any other way to solve it. My answer is comes out to somewhere around 10^29, while his is around 10^33. So obviously something must be wrong...

My solution:
Earth's period = 23.93 hours
Therefore, its angular velocity is 7.29×10^ -5 rad·s-1.
Assuming that the Earth is perfectly spherical and uniform in mass density, it has a moment of inertia, I = 9.72×10^37 kg·m2.
Therefore, it has a rotational kinetic energy of 2.58×10^29 J.

Is this right? Or am I missing something completely?

Thanks a lot.
 
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You found the rotational KE of the Earth revolving on its axis. But you were asked to find:
zmoose27 said:
What is the Kinetic Energy of the Earth Orbiting Around the Sun in Joules?
 
And if you think about it, it makes sense that the Earth's translational kinetic energy is several orders of magnitude greater than its rotational. In fact, if you were only solving the net kinetic energy of the Earth to a couple decimal places, you could neglect the rotational kinetic energy entirely.
 

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