Sanity check: Using the Jones calculus for superposition

Click For Summary
The discussion focuses on using Jones calculus to analyze the polarization of light in a coherent superposition of horizontal and vertical polarization. When this light passes through a 45-degree polarizer, its polarization remains unchanged, while it cannot pass through a -45-degree polarizer due to orthogonal polarization. The effect of a quarter-wave plate oriented at 45 degrees is debated, with suggestions that the initial calculations may have incorrectly applied the matrix for a 0-degree orientation instead. A corrected approach involves using a specific matrix for the quarter-wave plate at the appropriate angle, emphasizing the need for accurate rotation in calculations. The conversation highlights the importance of precise application of mathematical models in optical physics.
boxfullofvacuumtubes
Messages
19
Reaction score
2

Homework Statement



Suppose light is prepared in a coherent superposition of linear horizontal polarization and linear vertical polarization. What is the resulting polarization according to Jones calculus if it passes through:
  • a linear polarizer at a 45-degree angle (0 degrees would be vertical)
  • a linear polarizer at a -45-degree angle(0 degrees would be vertical)
  • a quarter-wave plate with a fast axis oriented at a 45-degree angle(0 degrees would be vertical)

Homework Equations



Jones calculus.

The Attempt at a Solution



Superposition of LHP and LVP appears to be the same as 45-degree polarization (L+45):
$$\begin{pmatrix}1\\0\end{pmatrix} + \begin{pmatrix}0\\1\end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix}1\\1\end{pmatrix}$$

If this light passes through a 45-degree polarizer, its polarization and intensity should remain unchanged:
$$\begin{pmatrix}0.5 & 0.5\\0.5 & 0.5\end{pmatrix} × \begin{pmatrix}1\\1\end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix}1\\1\end{pmatrix}$$

None of this light can pass through a minus-45-degree polarizer because of its orthogonal polarization:
$$\begin{pmatrix}0.5 & -0.5\\-0.5 & 0.5\end{pmatrix} × \begin{pmatrix}1\\1\end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix}0\\0\end{pmatrix}$$

A quarter-wave plate at 45 degrees turns the polarization to left circular and does not affect intensity:
$$\begin{pmatrix}1 & 0\\0 & -i\end{pmatrix} × \begin{pmatrix}1\\1\end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix}1\\-i\end{pmatrix}$$

Did I make an error somewhere? Thanks for a sanity check!
 
Physics news on Phys.org
I think you have in the last portion applied the quarter wave plate at 0 degrees instead of 45 degrees. Wikipedia gives an expression for the quarter wave plate matrix rotated at any angle here.
$$e^{-\frac{i\pi}{4}}\begin{pmatrix}
\cos^2\theta + i\sin^2\theta & (1 - i)\sin\theta \cos\theta \\
(1 - i)\sin\theta \cos\theta & \sin^2\theta + i\cos^2\theta
\end{pmatrix}$$
Some people may leave off the prefactor ##e^{-\frac{i\pi}{4}}##.
I believe this can also be expressed as a rotated version of the vertical quarter wave plate
$$R\begin{pmatrix}1 & 0\\0 & -i\end{pmatrix}
R^{-1} $$
Applying the 45 degree quarter wave plate to 45 degree polarization should be like applying a 0 degree plate to vertical polarization, except everything is rotated.
 
  • Like
Likes boxfullofvacuumtubes

Similar threads

  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 20 ·
Replies
20
Views
3K
Replies
11
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 19 ·
Replies
19
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
3K
  • · Replies 41 ·
2
Replies
41
Views
6K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K