Second Harmonic - Standing Waves

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on how to create a second harmonic in a string fixed at both ends and under tension. To achieve this, one must drive the string at a frequency that is twice the fundamental frequency, resulting in a wavelength that is half of the original. The concept of resonance is crucial, as standing waves occur only when the driving frequency matches one of the string's resonant frequencies. This understanding is essential for manipulating waveforms in physics experiments.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of wave speed and wavelength
  • Knowledge of fundamental frequency and harmonics
  • Familiarity with resonance in physical systems
  • Experience with waveform generators
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of wave speed and tension in strings
  • Explore the mathematical relationships between frequency, wavelength, and harmonics
  • Investigate resonance and its role in standing waves
  • Learn how to use waveform generators to create specific frequencies
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Physics students, educators, and anyone interested in wave mechanics and resonance phenomena in strings.

Peter G.
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Hi,

Question: Describe how you would arrange for a string that is et under tension, with both ends fixed, to vibrate in its second harmonic mode.

Ok, the string has a speed, v, and wavelength, w, which give it a fundamental frequency, f. If we want the second harmonic, we have to change the frequency so that a full wave fits the length of the string. So in this case we would need twice the frequency, or half the wavelength.

I think this is how you would do it but, as you can see, I am still a bit confused. How could I formally answer this question?

Thanks,
Peter G.
 
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You would formally answer the question just like you did. "Drive the string with a frequency that is twice the first harmonic or twice the fundamental frequency."
 
Ok, cool. Just one more question (I hope it is not too general): I don't understand how resonance comes into Standing Waves...
 
Peter G. said:
Ok, cool. Just one more question (I hope it is not too general): I don't understand how resonance comes into Standing Waves...
Suppose you have a string of fixed length under fixed tension and you have a waveform generator that you can use to drive the string at the frequency of your choice. If you match the driving frequency to one of the harmonics, then you get a standing wave. Otherwise you don't. The frequencies that create the standing waves are the "resonant" frequencies.
 
Ah ok, got it! Thanks a lot! :smile:
 
Can u help me to more understand about standing wave?
 

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