Ivan Seeking said:
It gets better than that. We borrow money from China to give tax breaks to the rich, so that they can invest in China, which increases our trade deficit, which ultimately leads to more borrowing from China. Supply-side economics is reduced to a sad joke, in a global economy. The money from tax breaks for the rich doesn't trickle down, it trickles away [as a function of domestic vs foreign manufacturing].
From what I understand, nowhere has supply-side economics ever claimed any kind of "trickle-down" theory (i.e. cut taxes for the rich and their spending will trickle-down to benefit the middle-class and poor).
Certain politicians both on the Left and Right have promoted this view, but it is incorrect.
I am not an economist, but there's two sides to economics I believe: demand-side and supply-side. Demand-side deals with consumer demand. You get a cut in consumer demand, and that can lead to a recession.
Strict demand-side economics claims that without government stimulus of some kind to make up for this drop off in demand, we will see demand drop, then deflation and unemployment will occur as prices go down due to the drop in demand and unemployment goes up. The unemployment creates a further drop-off in demand, which means even further deflation and even more unemployment.
To stop this cycle, government needs to step into temporarily make up for the drop-off in consumer demand.
Government can try to stimulate demand in a few ways: tax cuts for consumers (i.e. middle-class tax cuts (this would mean likely all marginal income tax rates, as $250K isn't rich)), direct government spending, sending people checks in the mail, or some combination of these.
Proponents of spending say that you shouldn't give people money through tax cuts or checks because they will hoard it and it thus won't stimulate whereas with the government, you can be sure they will spend it.
Proponents of tax cuts or checks say that the government is too slow at getting the money out and too inefficient, whereas with giving the money to the people directly, you can flood the economy with stimulus very quickly and the people will know how to spend it better than bureaucrats.
Supply-side economics looks at the other aspect of it: the supply of goods and services the economy is producing. As opposed to demand-side stimulus which is to create demand, supply-side stimulus is to create investment. It thus calls for cuts (if the rates are too high) in things like corporate tax rates, investment taxes, and the upper-income tax brackets, which many small businesses fall under as S-Corporations (although I don't know how many).
If inflation is too high, for example, a demand-sider says that there is too much demand, which must be curtailed through say tax hikes (take away the people's money and thus consumer demand will drop, therefore less demand for the supply of goods/services and prices stop going up).
A supply-sider says you see if investment and business taxes are excessively high, and if they are, you cut those and thus create more goods and services to meet the demand, thus bringing down inflation.
Also the Federal Reserve can increase or decrease the supply of dollars in the economy too.
Historically, tax cuts have usually been some combination of both supply-side and demand-side. When JFK wanted to cut taxes, the Republicans were against it, because JFK's tax cuts were to stimulate demand. The Republicans said it would overflow the economy with excessive demand and drive up inflation.
Ronald Reagan's tax cuts were also a combination of supply-side and demand-side. Republicans always talk of Reagan's stimulating the economy through supply-side economics, which I think he did, but I wonder if Reagan might have also inadverdently given America a good-old Keynesian demand-side stimulus, because he cut taxes across the board (marginal tax rates, investment taxes, etc...) and he upped the defense budget to re-build the defenses. The business and investment taxes, along with deregulation, helped free the economy to produce more, but the middle-class tax cuts and the defense spending were classic Keynesianism.
President George W. Bush's tax cuts were for everyone, across-the-board, and included everything from middle-class income tax cuts to cuts in investment taxes. So Bush's were also a combination of demand-side and supply-side.
BTW, a trade deficit is not necessarilly a bad thing. Historically we have always seen the trade deficit shrink during times of recession (it pretty much became a trade surplus during the Great Depression). This current recession has also slowed it.
It's like a "strong" dollar versus a "weak" dollar. A "weak" dollar will actually help close the trade deficit. The "strong" dollar of the 1990s helped enlarge the trade deficit.