Show eigenfunctions are orthogonal

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Two eigenfunctions, A and B, of an operator O with distinct eigenvalues a and b are orthogonal if their eigenvalues are real. The integral relationship provided, ∫ A*OB dx = ∫ (OA)*B dx, serves as a basis for demonstrating this orthogonality. To establish the eigenvalue equations, one must express them as OA = aA and OB = bB. The discussion emphasizes the importance of correctly formatting LaTeX equations for clarity. Ultimately, the orthogonality of eigenfunctions corresponding to different eigenvalues is a fundamental property in linear algebra and quantum mechanics.
indie452
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hi

one of my past papers needs me to show that if 2 eigenfunctions, A and B, of an operator O possesses different eigenvalues, a and b, they must be orthogonal. assume eigenvalues are real.

we are given

\int A<sup>*</sup>OB dx = \int(OA)<sup>*</sup>B dx

* indicates conjugate
 
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Can you write two eigenvalue equations, one for each eigenfunction? Also, please preview and write correctly your LateX equations before posting them, they will be easier to read.
 
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The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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