Smooth Mapping Between Unit Circle and Curve in R^2?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the smooth mapping between the unit circle defined by the equation {(x,y) | x^2 + y^2 = 1} and the curve defined by {(x,y) | x^4 + y^2 = 1}. Participants explore potential mappings and the smoothness of these mappings, raising questions about specific points and the geometric implications of their approaches.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant suggests a mapping using (x,y) --> (sqrt(x), y) for non-negative x and (sqrt(-x), y) for negative x, questioning its smoothness at x=0.
  • Another participant describes a projection method that involves drawing a line from the origin through a point on the circle to find where it intersects the second curve.
  • A concern is raised about potential smoothness issues at x=0 regarding the mapping proposed in the first post.
  • Discussion includes a comparison of two projection methods, noting that one projects horizontally while the other projects radially, with uncertainty about the smoothness of the radial projection.
  • Riemann's mapping theorem is mentioned as a potential abstract approach to finding an analytic map between the two curves.
  • One participant expresses appreciation for a bijection suggested by another, indicating a need for more geometric thinking in approaching the problem.
  • Another participant argues that there is no smoothness issue at x=0 for the proposed mapping if r is defined to be 1 at that point.
  • A challenge is issued to prove the smoothness of the proposed mappings.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the smoothness of the mappings, particularly at x=0, and whether the proposed methods are indeed smooth. There is no consensus on the best approach or the resolution of the smoothness concerns.

Contextual Notes

Participants note that the smoothness of the mappings may depend on the definitions used and the specific handling of points like x=0, which remains unresolved.

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Hi, I have been told that in R^2 the unit circle {(x,y) | x^2 + y^2 = 1} is smoothly mappable to the curve {(x,y) | x^4 + y^2 = 1}.

Can someone please tell me what this smooth map is between them? I can only think of using the map (x,y) --> (sqrt(x), y) if x is non-negative and (sqrt(-x), y) if x is negative. Thanks for any help.
 
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Both [itex]x^2+ y^2= 1[/itex] and [itex]x^4+ y^2= 1[/itex] loop around the origin. Draw the line from the origin through a point on the circle. Where that ray crosses the second graph is s(x,y).
 
is there a smoothness problem at x=0? (in answer #1)
 
The advantage of Halls' answer seems to be that he is projecting along a direction that never becomes tangent to the circle. I.e. #1 projects horizontally, and #2 projects radially. Still it is not so trivial for me to prove #2 is actually smooth, as the equation I am getting for r is still undefined at x=0, although it seems to extend.

An abstract approach is Riemann's mapping theorem, with extension to the boundary, that apparently gives an analytic map.
 
HallsofIvy: Thanks, that's a nice bijection. I clearly need to think more geometrically for this type of problem.

mathwonk: I don't think there is a problem at x=0 (for Halls' map) because you can just define r to be 1 for x=0 and then it is smooth on S1.
 
well you have prove it is smooth.
 

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