Solving PV Graphs: Work, Heat, ΔU Questions

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on solving problems related to the First Law of Thermodynamics as applied to ideal gases in PV diagrams. Key equations highlighted include ΔU = Q + W, ΔU = (3/2)nRΔT, and W = -PΔV. Participants seek clarity on calculating work (W), heat (Q), and changes in internal energy (ΔU) for processes involving ideal gases, specifically in triangular PV charts. Understanding these relationships is essential for accurately analyzing thermodynamic processes.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the First Law of Thermodynamics
  • Familiarity with ideal gas laws and equations
  • Basic knowledge of PV diagrams and their interpretation
  • Ability to perform calculations involving pressure, volume, and temperature
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the application of the First Law of Thermodynamics in various thermodynamic processes
  • Learn how to analyze PV diagrams for different types of gas processes
  • Explore the derivation and application of the ideal gas law equations
  • Practice solving problems involving work, heat, and internal energy changes in ideal gases
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in physics and engineering, particularly those focusing on thermodynamics, as well as anyone needing to solve problems involving ideal gases and their properties.

skoopfadj
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I'm sorry I cannot conform to the default format Physicsforums.com; it is because I do not even know the first step to solving these sorts of problems, I don't know which equations to use which is a major problem. Here are the types of questions I require understanding.
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An ideal gas goes through three processes (A>B>C>[A]) (Triangular form) (PV Chart)
How would I figure out The Q, W, and ΔU (internal energy) for A to B, B to C, C to A?
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On another graph using variables but this time with numerical values for P and V on the axis, how would I find the work done by a monatomic ideal gas as it expands from point A to point C along the path shown in the figure? Also, how much heat would be absorbed BY the gas during this process?
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Finding the net work, heat, and ΔU in another PV Graph with data on the axis-es?
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Calculating temperature, work, and/or internal energy in another PV Graph?
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Whether or not W, Q, or ΔU is positive(gained) or negative(released) in an ideal gas system as well as how those three (Q,W,..U) are related?
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I really wish to work on the problems myself, so I have only asked what procedures I should take.
Here is a list of equations I have scavenged.

ΔU = Won + Q

ΔU = (3/2)nRΔT

Won = -PΔV

P1V1 = P2V2

(P1V1)/T2 = (P2V2)/T2

PV = nRT

Is there any important equation that I am missing?
 
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A couple of errors it seems are to be found on the website but it has been very helpful so far I've read. Thank you ehild. :)
 


skoopfadj said:
I'm sorry I cannot conform to the default format Physicsforums.com; it is because I do not even know the first step to solving these sorts of problems, I don't know which equations to use which is a major problem. Here are the types of questions I require understanding.
-
An ideal gas goes through three processes (A>B>C>[A]) (Triangular form) (PV Chart)
How would I figure out The Q, W, and ΔU (internal energy) for A to B, B to C, C to A?
These problems are all about the First Law of Thermodynamics:

ΔU = Q + W where W is the work done ON the gas. I prefer to use:

Q = ΔU + W where W is the work done BY the gas.

To determine the values, we would need to see the exact problem.

On another graph using variables but this time with numerical values for P and V on the axis, how would I find the work done by a monatomic ideal gas as it expands from point A to point C along the path shown in the figure? Also, how much heat would be absorbed BY the gas during this process?
Again, this requires application of the first law of thermodynamics.

From the PV diagram you can determine T (if you are given n or an initial T) and W = PΔV (or -PΔV, depending on which version of the first law you are using). From T you can determine ΔU using ΔU = nCvΔT (you have given this equation for a monatomic ideal gas where Cv = 3R/2). From W and ΔU you can determine Q.

AM
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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