Solving Spinning Iron Wire Angular Velocity Change

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the change in angular velocity of a vertically suspended iron wire subjected to a strong magnetic field. The wire, measuring 3 cm in length and 1 mm in diameter, experiences angular momentum changes due to the alignment of free electron spins in iron atoms with the magnetic field. Key equations referenced include the Poynting vector, \(\vec{S} = \mu_0 \vec{E} \times \vec{B}\), and the relationship between angular momentum and moment of inertia, \(L = I \omega\). The solution approach emphasizes the importance of considering iron's properties and the simplification of calculations using Bohr's magneton.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electromagnetism, specifically Faraday's law of induction.
  • Familiarity with angular momentum and moment of inertia concepts.
  • Knowledge of the Poynting vector and its significance in electromagnetic fields.
  • Basic principles of quantum mechanics, particularly Bohr's magneton.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation and applications of the Poynting vector in electromagnetic theory.
  • Explore the calculation of angular momentum in rotating systems, focusing on moment of inertia.
  • Research the properties of iron and its electron spins in magnetic fields.
  • Learn about Faraday's law of induction and its implications in electromagnetism.
USEFUL FOR

Physics students, electrical engineers, and anyone interested in the dynamics of magnetic fields and their effects on materials, particularly in the context of angular momentum and rotational motion.

monnomestalex
Messages
5
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement



Iron atoms (atomic mass 56) contain two free electron spins that can align with an external magnetic field. An iron wire 3 cm long and 1 mm in diameter is suspended vertically and is free to rotate about its axis. A strong magnetic field parallel to the wire's axis is applied. How large is the resulting change in its angular velocity.

Homework Equations



\oint \vec{E} \cdot \vec{dl} = - \frac{d}{dt} \int \vec{B} \cdot \vec{da}

Poynting vector: \vec{S} = \mu_0 \vec{E} \times \vec{B}.

Bohr's magneton might come in handy: \mu_b = \frac{e \hbar}{2 m_e}

The Attempt at a Solution



My first thought was to find the Poynting vector because the angular momentum contained in the fields is proportional to \vec{r} \times \vec{S}. Assuming the wire is in the z direction, we can write that the applied magnetic field is \vec{B} = B \hat{z}. This would create a magnetic flux through the x-y plane, and hence create an electric field in the \hat{\phi} direction from the Faraday law. But that means that \vec{S} \approx \hat{\phi} \times \hat{z} = \hat{r} and therefore there would be no angular momentum change in the fields.

I feel this is too simplistic and possibly wrong, especially since we didn't use any of iron's properties.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
So as always I overcomplicate stuff. It is easy to just calculate L = N hbar/2, where N is the number of spin, given the density of iron. L = I w, where I is the moment of inertia. Super simple. Ugh.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 13 ·
Replies
13
Views
3K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
Replies
5
Views
3K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
4K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
Replies
3
Views
2K