Spherical Pendulum Motion: Solve the Mystery

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the motion of a point mass constrained to move along the surface of a sphere, attached to a pendulum of length "l". Participants are exploring the dynamics of this system, seeking to derive a function that describes the motion of the point mass under the influence of gravity and the constraint of the pendulum.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • One participant describes the system as a point mass hanging from a rod, with only gravitational and constraint forces acting on it.
  • Another participant questions whether the setup involves two pendulums hinged together, seeking clarification on the problem.
  • A participant clarifies that the system is a single pendulum with the mass constrained to move on a spherical surface, rather than a circular path.
  • One participant suggests using the potential energy of the system to find a solution, indicating a formula involving gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy.
  • Another participant proposes the use of conservation of angular momentum as a potential approach to analyze the motion.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants have not reached a consensus on the best approach to solve the problem, and multiple viewpoints regarding the methods to analyze the motion remain present.

Contextual Notes

Participants express uncertainty about the next steps in their reasoning, particularly regarding the application of energy conservation and the splitting of motion into components. There is also a lack of clarity on how to effectively incorporate the constraint of motion on the sphere.

Who May Find This Useful

Individuals interested in classical mechanics, particularly those studying pendulum dynamics and constrained motion systems, may find this discussion relevant.

praeclarum
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I thought of this question the other day, and I was unable to solve it. A Google search has not helped, so I thought I might post it here.

A point mass hangs from a rod of length "l" from the center of a pendulum. The only forces acting upon the point mass are the force of gravity and the force of constraint (keeping it distance "l" from the center). Is there a function that describes the motion of the point mass?
 
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hi praeclarum! :wink:
praeclarum said:
A point mass hangs from a rod of length "l" from the center of a pendulum. The only forces acting upon the point mass are the force of gravity and the force of constraint (keeping it distance "l" from the center). Is there a function that describes the motion of the point mass?

do you mean two pendulums hinged together?

show us what you've tried, and where you're stuck, and then we'll know how to help! :smile:
 
OK. It's not as complicated as a double pendulum. It's just a single pendulum where the mass is constrained to a sphere (rather than the 2-dimensional case where you have a circle).

Well, one thought I had was to solve for the potential energy of the system, since that's just

mgh+1/2mv^2 = C

The mass is just a constant, and we can get rid of it.

From this point, I am stuck, however, and I don't know where to go from here. I was thinking the initial velocity must be perpendicular to the force of constraint and was wondering if you could split up the motion into just x and y components to solve it, but that seemed fruitless upon inspection.

I am looking for a general function that describes the motion of the point around the sphere. Your help is appreciated greatly.
 
so it's basically a mass moving on the inside of a sphere?

hmm … in linear problems we usually use conservation of energy and conservation of momentum, sooo …

have you tried conservation of angular momentum ? :smile:
 

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