Spherical shell rolls down a ramp with friction-time?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the time it takes for a 120 g basketball, modeled as a thin spherical shell with a diameter of 25.7 cm, to roll down a 6.29 m incline at a 31° angle without slipping. Key equations include the moment of inertia I = 2/3mR², net torque τ = Iα, and the relationship between linear acceleration a and angular acceleration α. The participant outlines their approach using free body diagrams and equations of motion but expresses confusion regarding the setup and calculations, particularly in determining angular acceleration and the effects of friction.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of rotational dynamics, specifically moment of inertia and torque.
  • Familiarity with kinematic equations for both linear and rotational motion.
  • Knowledge of free body diagrams and how to apply Newton's laws to rotational systems.
  • Basic grasp of frictional forces and their role in rolling motion.
NEXT STEPS
  • Review the derivation of the moment of inertia for different shapes, focusing on thin spherical shells.
  • Study the relationship between linear and angular acceleration in rolling objects.
  • Practice solving problems involving net torque and angular acceleration using real-world examples.
  • Explore the effects of varying coefficients of friction on rolling motion down inclines.
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Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics and dynamics, as well as educators seeking to clarify concepts related to rolling motion and torque.

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spherical shell rolls down a ramp with friction--time?

Homework Statement



A 120 g basketball has a 25.7 cm diameter and may be approximated as a thin spherical
shell.
Starting from rest, how long will it take a basketball to roll without slipping 6.29 m down an incline that makes an angle of 31◦ with the horizontal? The moment of inertia of a thin spherical shell of radius R and mass m is I =2/3mR^2, the acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s^2 , and the coefficient of friction is 0.24. Answer in units of s.

Homework Equations


For rolling v(of cm)=wr?
derivative of this is tangential acceleration=angular a * r
Net torque=Ialpha
Fnet=ma

rotational kinematics equations (ex., theta=theta initial + winitial*t + (1/2)angular accel.*t^2

The Attempt at a Solution


I'm having some conceptual difficulties... for rolling, it seems like you would need to track one point on the sphere to find the time it took for that point to travel 6.29 m... but then wouldn't you need theta (in radians)? My approach would be to do that with rotational kinematics equations but then maybe you need to find angular acceleration through torques and whatnot?

In any case, I made a free body diagram, and it seemed like the net torque was cause by the force due to friction only. The net force was the parallel component of gravity (mgsinθ) minus the force due to friction. Through this setup I wanted to find α. I might be overcomplicating it but I didn't want to underestimate the rolling thing... I find that idea very challenging.

I substituted the known values in for the acceleration=angular a * r, Net torque=Iα

Fnet=ma=mgsinθ - F of friction= mgsinθ - μmg
=(120 g)sin31 - (0.24)mg

a/r=α

τ=r*Force of friction=r(0.24)mg
τ=Iα=I(a/r)=r(0.24)mg

Inputted some values and tried to simplify but it got way too complicated--can someone just tell me if my basic setup/idea is right?
 
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If you take x-axis along the ramp and y-axis perpendicular to ramp,
Σfx = Mgsinθ - fr = M*a(cm),...(1)
where fr is the frictional force and a(cm) is the acceleration of center of mass.
Net torque Στ = fr*R = I*α = 2/3*M*R^2*α...(2)
Frictional force fr = μ*M*g*cosθ..(3)
a(cm) = R*α...(4)
Using all these equations, find a(cm)
Then using kinematic equation find required time t.
 

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