Quantum Panda said:
goal of reaching high-level Quantum Physics understanding.
"Quantum Physics" is a vague term that potentially encompasses a huge range of physics, both theoretical and experimental. It would help if you can tell us about some specific topics that you've heard or read about, that have piqued your interest, and want to study deeply.
In the US, people usually start serious formal study of physics at the beginning of undergraduate or late in secondary school ("high school") using a textbook such as
Halliday, Resnick and Walker's Fundamentals of Physics. There are other similar books; this is simply one of the commonly-used ones.
The first course is usually two semesters focusing on classical mechanics and electromagnetism. At some schools, there is a third semester that focuses on "modern physics" with an introduction to relativity, quantum mechanics and their applications. At other schools, there is a separate "introductory modern physics" course.
The Halliday/Resnick/Walker book comes in two versions, the "normal" version for a two-semester course focusing on classical physics, and an "extended" version for a three-semester course that includes modern physics. There are also some "intro modern physics" books for a separate course. I used
Beiser's Concepts of Modern Physics for many years (late 1980s until early 2000s), but it appears to be out of print, or at least hasn't been updated recently.
These courses assume a basic knowledge of single-variable calculus (derivatives and integrals), but you don't need to complete a full sequence of calculus courses in advance. At many schools, the first two semesters of physics are designed so that students can take the first two semesters of calculus alongside them.
After the introductory course(s), undergraduate students take "upper division" courses in classical mechanics, electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, etc. These require a full calculus sequence (single- and multi-variable calculus), plus ordinary differential equations and some linear algebra.